Organic Chemistry Flashcards
An organic compound formed when an acid reacts with an alcohol.
ester
Hydrogenation of an alkene yields _________
alkane
The simplest ketone is _________
acetone
The acid responsible for the irritating sting of ants.
formic acid
An aldehyde that smells like green apple is ________
ethanal
In which reaction of alkyne can keto-enol tautomerism exist?
Ozonolysis
Which of the following physical properties differ for each pair of enantiomers?
Direction of rotation of plane-polarized light
Number of double bonds in geraniol
2
Whatever the compound, the gram molecular weight contains the same number of molecules, known as Avogadro’s number. It is expressed as:
6.02x10^23 particles per mole
All of the following are o- and p- directing substituents EXCEPT
-NO2
Which of the following functional groups is present in the melamine molecule?
amine
How many isomers does xylene have?
3
Which of the following objects are chiral (assume that there is no label or other identifying mark)
a) Pair of scissors
b) Tennis ball
c) Paper clip
d) Beaker
e) The swirl created in water as it drains out of a sink or bathtub
chiral, achiral, achiral, achiral, chiral
Fatty acid such as lauric acid and palmitic acid and oleic acid are long unbranched carboxylic acids consisting of 12 to 20 carbon atoms. Which type of fatty acid should people avoid ingesting, saturated or unsaturated and why?
Saturated, because the risk of cardiovascular disease is increased
Propanoic acid and methyl acetate are constitutional isomers, and both are liquids at room temperature. One of these compounds has a boiling point of 141°C; the other has a boiling point of 57°C. Which compound has a higher boiling point?
(1) propanoic acid
O2 gas effused through a pinhole in 5 sec. How long will it take an equivalent amount of CO2 to effuse under the same conditions?
5.9 s
The rate of nucleophilic substitution reaction of tert-butyl bromide with OH– is found to be independent of the concentration of OH– at any instant. It can be inferred that the reaction is:
First-order (SN1)
Waxes are
Fatty acids alcohol esters
Styrene undergoes ozonolysis to yield two carbonyl compounds. Which of the following pairs is produced by this reaction?
Benzaldehyde and formaldehyde
Reduction of ethyl cinnamate using LiAlH4 produces the alcohol
3-phenylprop-2-en-1-ol
Which of the following compounds is not aromatic?
Tetrahydrofuran
Palmitate has 16 carbon atoms with
1. 2 d. bonds
2. 1 d. bond
3. 3 d. bonds
none of these
Reaction of benzene with chlorine gas to produce tri-chlorobenzene exemplifies a/an __________
series
Which of the following is a ketone?
CH3COCH3
Hydrogenation of one mole of allene (CH2=C=CH2) with 2 moles of hydrogen gas in the presence of Lindlar catalyst yields
propane
All of the following contains carbonyl group EXCEPT
ether
Friedel-Crafts acylation of benzene with acetyl chloride in AlCl3 yields
acetophenone
Which of the following is not an aliphatic hydrocarbon?
toluene
Which of the following contains sp-hybridized carbon?
C5H8
Vinylbenzene is also known as
styrene
Oxidation of isopropyl alcohol with KMnO4 yields
acetone
Which of the following alcohols will undergo bimolecular nucleophilic substitution?
all of these: 2-propanol, 1-propanol, 2-methyl-2-propanol
In Williamson synthesis of methyl isopropyl ether, the alcohol used is
isopropanol
Hydrocarbon derivatives used as a main ingredient in automobile antifreeze
ethylene glycol
The following reagents will give an alkyl halide from an alcohol EXCEPT
NaCl
Carbonyl compounds can be obtained by reduction using the following except
nitrile
Hexanedionic acid is also known as
adipic acid
Hydrogenation of alkenes in the presence of a poisoned Pd catalyst produces
Reaction of alcohol and a carboxylic acid is known as
esterification
Which of the following alkanes is gas at room temperature?
propane
Same chemical formula but different in geometric/structural orientation
isomerism
Which of the following straight-chain alkanes can be conveniently prepared by Wurtz reaction?
icosane
In the Grignard synthesis of an alkane using sec-butyl bromide, which of the following alkane will be produced?
n-butane
In nucleophilic addition reactions of alkenes with HZ in which nucleophile Z attaches to more alkyl-substituted carbon and the H attaches to the carbon that already has the greater number of H atoms, the rule being followed by the reaction is
Markovnikov’s rule
Addition of hydrazine to carbonyl compounds produces a/an
hydrazone
Addition of an alcohol to acyl halides produces
ester
Cyclic esters are known as
lactones
In each case, tell whether the bond is ionic, polar covalent, or nonpolar covalent: Br2, BrCl, HCl, SrF2, SiH4, CO, N2, CsCl
nonpolar covalent, nonpolar covalent, polar covalent, ionic, nonpolar covalent, polar covalent, nonpolar covalent, ionic
