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Chemistry > Organic Chemistry > Flashcards

Organic Chemistry Flashcards

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1
Q

Where is crude oil found?

A

Rocks

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2
Q

What is crude oil the remains of?

A

Ancient biomass consisting mainly of plankton that was buried in mud

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3
Q

What is crude oil a mixture of?

A

A very large number of compounds

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4
Q

What are most of the compounds in cruise oil?

A

Hydrocarbons

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5
Q

What are hydrocarbons?

A

Molecules made up of hydrogen and carbon atoms only

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6
Q

What are hydrocarbons in crude oil called?

A

Alkanes

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7
Q

What are the first four members of the alkanes?

A

Methane, Ethane, propane, butane

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8
Q

What can the fractions in crude oil be processed to make?

A

Fuels
Feedstock

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9
Q

What are some fuels we heavily depend on in a modern lifestyle that can be produced from crude oil?

A

Petrol
Diesel
Kerosene
Heavy fuel oil
Liquefied petroleum gases

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10
Q

What are some useful materials which modern life depends on that are produced by the petrochemical industry?

A

Solvent, lubricants, polymers, detergents.

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11
Q

Why does the vast array of natural and synthetic carbon compounds occur?

A

Due to the ability of carbon atoms to form families of similar compounds

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12
Q

What do some properties of hydrocarbons depend on?

A

Size of their molecules
Boiling point
Viscosity
Flammability

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13
Q

What does the combustion of hydrocarbons fuels release?

A

Energy

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14
Q

During combustion what happens to the carbon and hydrogen fuels?

A

They are oxidised

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15
Q

What does the complete combustion of hydrocarbons release?

A

Carbon dioxide and water

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16
Q

What can hydrocarbons be broken down to produce?

A

Smaller more useful molecules

17
Q

What are two ways cracking can be done?

A

Catalytic cracking
Steam cracking

18
Q

What are the conditions used for catalytic cracking?

A

Pressure
high temperature

19
Q

What’s the condition is used for steam cracking?

A

Over 800°C
No catalyst

20
Q

What are the products of cracking?

A

Alkanes
Alkenes

21
Q

What are more reactive alkanes or Alkenes?

A

Alkenes

22
Q

What is the test for alkenes?

A

Bromine water

23
Q

What is the colour change when bromine water reacts of an alkene?

A

It becomes colourless

24
Q

What are Alkenes used to produce?

A

Polymers

Chemistry (7 decks)

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