Organic Chemistry Flashcards
What is the general chemical equation for alkanes?
CnH2n + 2
What is the general chemical equation for alkenes?
CnH2n
What is crude oil formed from?
Ancient organisms such as plankton.
What property of crude oil molecules is used to separate them into different fractions?
Boiling point.
What is viscosity?
The ‘thickness’ of a substance.
What type of reaction is cracking?
Endothermic OR thermal decomposition.
Describe the process of cracking.
Hydrocarbons are vapourised and then passed over a hot catalyst, resulting in longer molecules breaking into smaller molecules.
What are all the materials formed in a fractional distillation?
Liquefied petroleum gasses, petrol, kerosene, diesel, heavy fuel oil, bitumen.
What can liquefied petroleum gasses be used for?
Heating and cooking.
What can petrol be used for?
Propelling vehicles and producing electricity.
What can kerosene be used for?
Cleaning agents and jet fuel.
What can diesel be used for?
Propelling vehicles.
What can heavy fuel oil be used for?
Generating motion and heat (in things that have high density or viscosity).
What can bitumen be used for?
Waterproofing, roofing and road construction.
What is a homologous series?
A series of compounds of carbon that have different numbers of carbon atoms but the same functional group, however each successive member gets another -CH2.
