Organic Chemistry Flashcards

1
Q

In a molecule with 2 double bonds adjacent to each other and an alcohol, which functional group takes precedence in naming?

A

alcohol

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2
Q

geminal vs vicinal diols

A
geminal = OH on same carbon
vicinal = OH on adjacent carbons
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3
Q

What are the common names for 2-propanol and ethanol?

A
2-propanol = isopropyl alcohol
ethanol = ethyl alcohol
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4
Q

What are common names of methanal, ethanal, propanal, and propanone?

A
methanal = formaldehyde
ethanal = acetaldehyde
propanal = propionaldehyde
propanaone = acetone
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5
Q

What would be the names of the ester, amide, and anhydride derivatives of pentanoic acid? Assume the R group on the ester is -CH3 and that the amide is unsubstitutes

A

ester: methyl pentanoate
amide: pentanamide
anhydride: pentanoic anhydride

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6
Q

What properties do structural isomers have in common?

A

molecular formula

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7
Q

physical and chemical properties

A

physical: color, melting point, boiling point, density, odor

chemical change chemical composition - deals with reactivity

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8
Q

What is the difference between a conformational and a configurational isomer?

A

conformational: stereoisomers with the same molecular connectivity at different points of rotation around a single bond
configurational: stereoisomers with differing molecular connectivity

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9
Q

What is a meso compound?

A

contains chiral centers but also has a line of symmetry - overall the molecule is achiral and will not have plane-polarized light

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10
Q

For each of the following Fischer projection manipulations listed below, is stereochemistry retained or inverted?

  1. switching a pair of substituents
  2. switching 2 pairs of substituents
  3. rotating the molecule 90 degrees
  4. rotating the molecule 180 degrees
A
  1. switching a pair of substituents = invert
  2. switching 2 pairs of substituents = retain
  3. rotating the molecule 90 degrees = invert
  4. rotating the molecule 180 degrees = retain
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