Organic chemistry

Question 1

saturated and unstaurated hydrocarbon

Answer 1

Saturated = single bonds only Unsaturated = contains carbon to carbon multiple bonds (double or triple)

Question 2

Functional group

Answer 2

A group of atoms responsible for the characteristic reactions of a compound

Question 3

Homologous series

Answer 3

A series of organic compounds having the same functional group but with each successive member differing by CH2

Question 4

Structural isomers

Answer 4

Molecules that have the same molecular formula but different structural formula

Question 5

aliphatic

Answer 5

a compound containing carbon and hydrogen joined together in straight chains, branched chains or non-aromatic rings

Question 6

alicyclic

Answer 6

an aliphatic compound arranged in non-aromatc rings with or without side chains

Question 7

aromatic

Answer 7

a compound containing a benzene ring

Question 8

homolytic fission

Answer 8

each bonding atom receiving one electron from the bonded pair, forming two radicals

Question 9

heterolytic fission

Answer 9

one bonding atom receiving both electrons from the bonded pair

Question 10

sigma bond

Answer 10

an overlap of two orbitals, one from each bonding atom

Question 11

free radical

Answer 11

an atom/group of atoms that have a single unpaired electron

Question 12

pi bond

Answer 12

sideways overlap of adjacent p-orbitals above and below the bonding C atoms

Question 13

stereoisomers

Answer 13

compounds with the same structural formula but with a different arrangement in space

Question 14

E/Z isomerism

Answer 14

an example of stereoisomerism, in terms of restricted rotation about a double bond and the requirement for two diferent groups to be attached to each carbon atom of the C=C group

Question 15

cis/trans isomerism

Answer 15

a special case of E/Z isomerism in which two of the substituent groups atached to each
carbon atom of the C=C group are the same

Question 16

Electrophile

Answer 16

an electron pair acceptor