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H1 Chemistry > Organic Chemistry > Flashcards

Organic Chemistry Flashcards

1
Q

Alkane to halogenoalkane

A

Reaction: Substitution
Reagents: Gaseous halogen
Conditions: Presence of UV light

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2
Q

Alkene to halogenoalkane

A

Reaction: Addition
Reagents: Cl2/ Br2 dissolved in CCl4
Conditions: r.t.p., absence of UV light

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3
Q

Alkene to alkane

A

Reaction: Addition
Reagents: Hydrogen gas
Conditions: Heat in presence of Ni catalyst

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4
Q

Halogenoalkane to alcohol

A

Reaction: Substitution (hydrolysis)
Reagents: Aqueous NaOH
Conditions: Heat under reflux

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5
Q

Halogenoalkane to alkene

A

Reaction: Elimination
Reagents: Ethanolic NaOH
Conditions: Heat under reflux

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6
Q

Alcohol to alkene

A

Reaction: Elimination (dehydration)
Reagents: Excess conc. H2SO4
Conditions: Heat at 170

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7
Q

Aldehyde to primary alcohol

A

Reaction: Reduction
Reagents: LiAlH4 in dry ether

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8
Q

Ketone to secondary alcohol

A

Reaction: Reduction
Reagents: LiAlH4 in dry ether

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9
Q

Primary alcohol to aldehyde

A

Reaction: Oxidation
Reagents: Dilute H2SO4, KMnO4
Conditions: Distill

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10
Q

Aldehyde to carboxylic acid

A

Reaction: Oxidation
Reagents: Dilute H2SO4, KMnO4
Conditions: Heat under reflux

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11
Q

Secondary alcohol to ketone

A

Reaction: Oxidation
Reagents: Dilute H2SO4, KMnO4
Conditions: Heat under reflux

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12
Q

Esterification

A

Reaction: Condensation
Reagents: Carboxylic acid and alcohol
Conditions: Heat under reflux with a small amount of concentrated H2SO4 as catalyst

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13
Q

Amide formation

A

Reaction: Condensation
Reagents: Carboxylic acids and amines
Conditions: Presence of DCC

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14
Q

Acid hydrolysis of ester

A

Reagents: Dilute H2SO4/ HCl
Conditions: Heat under reflux
Product: Carboxylic acid and alcohol

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15
Q

Base hydrolysis of ester

A

Reagents: Dilute NaOH
Conditions: Heat under reflux
Product: Salt of carboxylic acid and alcohol

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16
Q

Acid hydrolysis of amide

A

Reagents: Dilute H2SO4/ HCl
Conditions: Heat under reflux
Product: Carboxylic acid and ammonium salt

17
Q

Base hydrolysis of amide

A

Reagents: Aqueous NaOH
Conditions: Heat under reflux
Product: Salt of carboxylic acid and ammonia

18
Q

Distinguish between alkane and alkene

A

Br2 dissolved in CCl4, reddish-brown bromine decolorises when added to alkene

19
Q

Test for carboxylic acid

A

Aqueous Na2CO3, effervescence of CO2 will be observed

H1 Chemistry (2 decks)

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