Organic Chemistry

Question 1

What are some chemicals used to distinguish an aldehyde from a ketone?

Answer 1

Tollens reagent
Fehilinhs solution
Benedicts solution
Acidified Pottassium Dichromate

Question 2

What colour change occurs when tollens reagent reacts with an aldehyde?

Answer 2

Silver mirror

Question 3

What colour change occurs if Fehilings solution reacts with an aldehyde?

Answer 3

Blue to red

Question 4

What colour change occurs if benedicts reacts with an aldehyde?

Answer 4

Blue to red

Question 5

What colour change happens when Acidfied Pottassium Dichromate reacts with an aldehyde?

Answer 5

Orange to green

Question 6

Does tollens reagent react with ketones?

Answer 6

No

Question 7

Does tollens reagent react with aldehydes?

Answer 7

Yes

Question 8

Does Fehilings solution react with aldehydes?

Answer 8

Yes

Question 9

Does Fehilings solution react with ketones?

Answer 9

No

Question 10

Does benedicts solution react with ketones?

Answer 10

No

Question 11

Does benedicts solution react with aldehydes?

Answer 11

Yes

Question 12

Does Acidfied Pottassium Dichromate react with ketones?

Answer 12

No

Question 13

Does Acidfied Pottassium Dichromate react with aldehydes?

Answer 13

Yes

Question 14

Is carbon dioxide symetical?

Answer 14

Yes

Question 15

What reaction happens when a vegetable oil turns into a vegetable fat?

Answer 15

Hydrogenation

Question 16

Can primary alcohols be oxidised?

Answer 16

Yes

Question 17

What are primary alcohols oxidised into?

Answer 17

Aldehydes

Question 18

Can aldehydes be oxidised?

Answer 18

Yes

Question 19

What are aldehydes oxidised into?

Answer 19

Carboxylic acids

Question 20

Can secondary alcohols be oxidised?

Answer 20

Yes

Question 21

What are secondary alcohols oxidised into?

Answer 21

Ketones

Question 22

Can ketones be oxidised?

Answer 22

No

Question 23

Can tertiary alcohols be oxidised?

Answer 23

No

Question 24

What is the molecular formula of isoprene?

Answer 24

C5H8

Question 25

What does meth mean?

Answer 25

1

Question 26

What does eth mean?

Answer 26

2

Question 27

What does prop mean?

Answer 27

3

Question 28

What does but mean?

Answer 28

4

Question 29

What does pent mean?

Answer 29

5

Question 30

What does hex mean?

Answer 30

6

Question 31

What does hept mean?

Answer 31

7

Question 32

What does Oct mean?

Answer 32

8

Question 33

What are isomers?

Answer 33

Isomers are compounds with the same molecular formulas but different structural formulas.

Question 34

Are hydrocarbons polar?

Answer 34

No

Question 35

What intermolecular forces do hydrocarbons contain?

Answer 35

London Dispersion Forces

Question 36

Are alkanes saturated?

Answer 36

Yes

Question 37

What is the general formula for alkanes?

Answer 37

CnH2n+1

Question 38

What does saturated mean?

Answer 38

Only single carbon - carbon bonds

Question 39

Are alkenes saturated?

Answer 39

No

Question 40

What does unsaturated mean?

Answer 40

Contains a carbon - carbon double bond. | Can undergo addition reactions

Question 41

What is the general formula for alkenes?

Answer 41

CnH2n

Question 42

Are alkanes unsaturated?

Answer 42

No

Question 43

Are alkenes unsaturated?

Answer 43

Yes

Question 44

What functional groups do alkanols have?

Answer 44

Hydroxyl group

Question 45

Are alkanols soluble in water?

Answer 45

Yes

Question 46

How does increasing the molecular size of alkanols affect their solubility?

Answer 46

As size increases solubility in water decreases

Question 47

What is a primary alcohol?

Answer 47

When the carbon bonded to the o-h group is bonded to one other carbon

Question 48

What is a secondary alcohol?

Answer 48

When the carbon bonded to the o-h group is bonded to two other carbons

Question 49

What is a tertiary alcohol?

Answer 49

When the carbon bonded to the o-h group is bonded to three other carbons

Question 50

What is a diol?

Answer 50

An alcohol with two hydroxyl groups

Question 51

What is a triol?

Answer 51

An alcohol with three hydroxyl groups

Question 52

What is a trihydric acid?

Answer 52

An alcohol with 3 hydroxyl groups

Question 53

What is Glycerols systematic name?

Answer 53

Propan-1,2,3-triol

Question 54

What functional group do carboxylic acids have?

Answer 54

Carboxyl group

Question 55

Can carboxylic acids be neutralised with bases?

Answer 55

Yes

Question 56

What are bases?

Answer 56

Metal oxidises Metal hydroxides Metal carbonates

Question 57

What functional groups do aldehydes contain?

Answer 57

Carbonyl group

Question 58

What functional groups do ketones contain?

Answer 58

Carbonyl

Question 59

How are esters formed?

Answer 59

Esters are formed from the condensation reaction between alcohols and carboxylic acids.

Question 60

What are fats and oils?

Answer 60

Esters

Question 61

Do fats or oils have higher melting points?

Answer 61

Fats

Question 62

What is produced by the hydrolysis of a fat or oil?

Answer 62

3 moles of carboxylic acid to one mole of alcohol

Question 63

Are oils more unsaturated than fats ?

Answer 63

Yes

Question 64

What are soaps made from?

Answer 64

The alkaline hydrolysis of fats and oils

Question 65

Soaps head is?

Answer 65

Ionic and hydrophilic

Question 66

Soaps tail is?

Answer 66

Hydrophobic hydrocarbon chain that dissolves in oil

Question 67

Are proteins polymers?

Answer 67

Yes

Question 68

What are polymers?

Answer 68

Made up of smaller monomers

Question 69

What monomers are proteins made up of?

Answer 69

Amino acids

Question 70

What functional groups do amino acids contain?

Answer 70

Amino group | Carboxyl group

Question 71

Proteins are broken up in a digestion process called...

Answer 71

Hydrolysis

Question 72

What are terpenes?

Answer 72

Common compounds found in essential oils, based on units of isoprene joined together

Question 73

How do you find the number of isoprene units in a terpene?

Answer 73

Count the carbons and divide by 5

Question 74

How does saturation affect melting point?

Answer 74

The more saturated a molecule is the more hydrogen atoms it has, so the more saturated a molecule is the higher the melting point