organic chem - reagents and conditions

Question 1

R-X –> R-OH

Answer 1

NaOH(aq), heat

Question 2

R-X –> C=C

Answer 2

ethanolic NaOH(aq), heat

Question 3

R-X –> RCN

Answer 3

ethanolic KCN, heat

Question 4

R-OH –> RCN

Answer 4

HCN, trace amount of NaCN, cold

Question 5

RCN –> RCOOH

Answer 5

H2SO4(aq), heat

Question 6

RCN –> RCOO-

Answer 6

NaOH(aq), heat

Question 7

RCN –> RNH2

Answer 7

LiAlH4 in dry ether
[reduction]

Question 8

C-C –> RX

Answer 8

X2, u.v, heat
[FRS]

Question 9

C=C –> C-C

Answer 9

H2(g), Ni(s), heat
[reduction]

Question 10

C=C –> ROH

Answer 10

cold conc H2SO4, H2O, warm

Question 11

R-OH –> C=C

Answer 11

conc H2SO4, heat

Question 12

C=C –> RX

Answer 12

HX or X2(g)

Question 13

NO2 –> NH2

Answer 13

Sn, conc HCl, NaOH(aq)

Question 14

C=C –> X-X

Answer 14

X2 in CCl4, dark, rtp

Question 15

nitration [benzene ring]
HNO3 + 2H2SO4 ⇌ NO2+ + 2H2SO4- + H3O+

Answer 15

conc HNO3, conc H2SO4, 55°

Question 16

halogenation [benzene ring]

Answer 16

Fe/AlX3, X2

Question 17

alkylation [benzene ring]

Answer 17

Fe/AlX3, RX

Question 18

cleavage of O-H of phenol

Answer 18

• redox (Na)
• acid-base reaction (NaOH)

Question 19

LiAlH4

Answer 19

COOH, ketone, aldehyde, CN,

Question 20

NaBH4

Answer 20

aldehyde, ketone ONLY

Question 21

H2, Ni, heat

Answer 21

aldehyde, ketone, C=C

Question 22

RX –> RNH2

Answer 22

excess conc NH3, heat in sealed tube

Question 23

iodoform

Answer 23

I2(aq), NaOH(aq), heat

Question 24

1° alcohol –> RCOH

Answer 24

K2Cr2O7, H2SO4, heat w immediate distill