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organic chem reagents Flashcards

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1
Q

Which functional groups react with Br2 in CCl4? + type of rxn

A
  1. Alkenes (electrophilic addition)
  2. Phenols (mono electrophilic sub)
  3. Alkanes (heat/uv) (free radical sub)
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2
Q

Which functional groups react with Br2 with anhydrous FeBr3/
Cl2 with anhydrous AlCl3 + type of rxn

A

Benzene (mono electrophilic sub)

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3
Q

Which functional groups react with Br2 (aq) + type of rxn

A
  1. Alkenes (electrophilic addition)
  2. Phenols/Phenylamines (multi electrophilic sub)
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4
Q

Which functional groups react with H2O (l) + type of rxn

A

Acid chlorides/bromides (hydrolysis)

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5
Q

Which functional groups react with anhydrous HBr/HCl + type of rxn

A
  1. Alkenes (electrophilic addition)
  2. Alcohols (Sn)
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6
Q

Which functional groups react with 2,4-dinitrophenylhydrazine + type of rxn

A
  1. Aldehydes
  2. Ketones

Condensation

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7
Q

Which functional groups react with Fehlings/Tollens reagent, warmed + type of rxn

A

Aldehydes (only aliphatic aldehydes for fehlings)

Oxidation

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8
Q

Which functional groups react with I2 with NaOH, heat + type of rxn

A
  1. -COCH3
  2. -CH(OH)CH3

Oxidation

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9
Q

Which functional groups react with HCN (trace amount of NaOH/KCN) + type of rxn

A
  1. Aldehydes
  2. Ketones

Nucleophilic addition

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10
Q

Which functional groups react with dilute acids, heat + type of rxn

A
  1. Nitriles –> COOH
  2. Amides –> amine
  3. Esters –> COOH

Acid hydrolysis

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11
Q

Which functional groups react with conc H2SO4, heat + type of rxn

A
  1. Alkenes (electrophilic addition)
  2. Alcohols (in excess) (elimination)
  3. as a catalyst in alcohols rxn with carboxylic (condensation)
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12
Q

Which functional groups react with conc HNO3, conc H2SO4, heat + type of rxn

A

Benzenes/alkylbenzenes (electrophilic sub)

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13
Q

Which functional groups react with dil HNO3 + type of rxn

A

phenols (electrophilic sub)

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14
Q

Which functional groups react with neutral FeCl3 + type of rxn

A

phenols (complex formation) –> violet complex

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15
Q

Which functional groups react with KMnO4 with dil H2SO4/NaOH, heat + type of rxn

4

A
  1. Alkene (strong oxidation)
  2. Aldehydes, primary alcohols and secondary alcohols (oxidation)
  3. benzylic aldehydes/alcohols/alkanes (side chain O)
  4. Methanoic acid and ethanedioic acid (oxidation)

oxidation of terminal alkene/methanoic acid/ethanedioic acid results in effervescence of CO2

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16
Q

Which functional groups react with cold dil KmnO4, NaOH + type of rxn

A
  1. primary/secondary alcohols
  2. aldehydes

oxidation –> COOH

heat w immediate distillation for pri alc –> aldehyde

17
Q

Which functional groups react with Na(s) + type of rxn

A
  1. Alcohols
  2. Phenols
  3. Carboxylic acids

Redox –> salt + H2 gas

18
Q

Which functional groups react with NaOH, heat? + type of rxn

A
  1. Phenols (acid base), rt
  2. Carboxylic acids (acid base), rt
  3. RX (Sn), heat
  4. Amides (alkaline hydrolysis), heat
  5. Nitriles (alkaline hydrolysis), heat
  6. Esters (alkaline hydrolysis), heat
19
Q

Which functional groups react with Na2CO3/NaHCO3 + type of rxn

A

Carboxylic acids (acid base)

20
Q

Which functional groups react with NH3 + type of rxn

A
  1. Carboxylic acids (acid base)
  2. Acid chlorides/bromides (condensation)
  3. RX (Sn), must be in ethanol, heated in sealed tube
21
Q

Which functional groups react with KCN/NaCN in ethanol, heat + type of rxn

A

Halogenoalkanes, Sn

21
Q

Which functional groups react with PCl5/3/SOCl2/PBr3 + type of rxn

A
  1. Alcohols
  2. Carboxylic acids

substitution rxn

22
Q

Which functional groups react with Sn, conc HCl, heat + type of rxn

A

Nitrobenzenes, Reduction (NO2 –> NH2)

23
Q

Which functional groups react with NaBH4 + type of rxn

A
  1. Aldehydes
  2. Ketones

Reduction to alcohol

24
Q

Which functional groups react with LiAlH4 in dry ether, heat + type of rxn

A
  1. Nitriles (CN –> NH2)
  2. Aldehydes (–> alc)
  3. Ketones (–> alc)
  4. Carboxylic acids (–> alc + H2O)
  5. Esters (–> alc)
  6. Amides (–> amine)

Reduction

25
Q

Which functional groups react with H2(g), Ni, heat + type of rxn

A
  1. Alkenes
  2. Aldehydes
  3. Ketones
  4. Nitriles

Reduction

chem (2 decks)

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