Organic Flashcards
Alicyclic compounds
an organic compound that contains a ring but is not aromatic
State and explain how the halogen in the haloalkane affects the rate of hydrolysis.
The weaker the bond the faster the reaction
C - F hydrolysed to slowest
Describe how you could recrystallise crystals to obtain a pure compound
Dissolve in hot solvent
Minimum amount of solvent
Cool and filter and leave to dry
Optical isomerism
non superimposable mirror images
Explain why boiling point of compounds is increased by increasing chain length/number of repeat units
more points of contact
stronger dipole interactions (London forces)
more energy needed to break intermolecular forces
Stereoisomerism
same structural formula
different spatial arrangement of atoms
σ bond
overlap of orbitals between bonding atoms
π bond
sideways overlap of p orbitals
Condensation polymer
Monomers join to form a chain and another product eg H2O
Why are polyesters better for the environment
Can be hydrolysed
Test for carbonyls
add 2,4 -DNPH
orange precipitate = aldehydes/ketones
no orange precipitate = carboxylic acid
Test for aldehydes/Ketones
Add tollens reagent
Silver mirror forms = aldehyde
No silver mirror = ketone
