Organic 1

Question 1

what is a structural isomer

Answer 1

same molecular formula but different structural formula

Question 2

name the 3 types of structural isomer

Answer 2

chain
positional
functional group

Question 3

what is chain isomerism

Answer 3

hydrocarbon chain is arranged differently

Question 4

what is positional isomerism

Answer 4

same carbon chain and functional group but the functional group is attached at different points.

Question 5

what is functional group isomerism

Answer 5

its when they have the same molecular formula but a different functional group

Question 6

what is a sterioisomer

Answer 6

same molecular formula and structural formula but a different arrangement of atoms in a 3D space.

Question 7

what are the two functional group isomers

Answer 7

alkene - cycloalkane

aldehyde - ketone

Question 8

what are the 2 types of cracking

Answer 8

thermal

catalytic

Question 9

steps of fractional distillation

Answer 9

.compounds have different boiling points - separation depends on boiling point
.boiling point depends on size of compound
.temp gradient in tower - cooler at top
.higher bp compounds at bottom of tower

Question 10

reactants and products of complete combustion

Answer 10

hydrocarbon + O2 -> CO2 + H2O

Question 11

reactants and products of incomplete combustion

Answer 11

hydrocarbon + O2 -> CO + H2O or C + H2O

Question 12

conditions of nucleophilic addition of an amine

Answer 12

concentrated excess in a sealed tube under pressure

Question 13

conditions of nucleophilic substitution of an alcohol

Answer 13

warm water or aq solution

Question 14

conditions of nucleophilic substitution of a nitrile

Answer 14

dissolve haloalkane in ethanol and reflux