Organelles (Prokaryotic) Flashcards
What type of cells are prokaryotes?
Cells that lack a nucleus and membrane-bound organelles.
True or False: Bacteria are a type of prokaryotic organism.
True.
Fill in the blank: Prokaryotic cells typically have a __________ shape.
circular or rod-shaped.
What is the primary function of the bacterial cell wall?
To provide structural support and protection.
What is the role of the plasma membrane in prokaryotic cells?
To regulate the movement of substances in and out of the cell.
Which organelle is responsible for protein synthesis in bacteria?
Ribosomes.
True or False: Prokaryotic cells have membrane-bound organelles.
False.
What is the function of plasmids in bacteria?
To carry extra genetic information that can provide advantages, such as antibiotic resistance.
What structure allows bacteria to move?
Flagella.
Which component of the bacterial cell is often targeted by antibiotics?
The cell wall.
True or False: Bacterial ribosomes are smaller than eukaryotic ribosomes.
True.
What is the term for the gel-like substance inside prokaryotic cells?
Cytoplasm.
Fill in the blank: The __________ is a protective layer outside the plasma membrane in some bacteria.
capsule.
What is the function of the nucleoid in prokaryotic cells?
To house the cell’s genetic material (DNA).
Which type of bacteria have a thick peptidoglycan layer in their cell wall?
Gram-positive bacteria.
What is the function of pili in bacteria?
To facilitate attachment to surfaces and other cells.
True or False: Endospores are a survival mechanism for bacteria in harsh conditions.
True.
What is the main difference between Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria?
Gram-positive bacteria have a thick peptidoglycan layer, while Gram-negative bacteria have a thin layer and an outer membrane.
Fill in the blank: The __________ is involved in the synthesis of lipids and detoxification in some bacteria.
smooth endoplasmic reticulum (though it’s not membrane-bound, it’s analogous).
What is a biofilm?
A community of microorganisms that adhere to surfaces and are embedded in a self-produced matrix.
Which structure helps bacteria to adhere to host tissues?
Adhesins.
What is the role of the ribosomal RNA (rRNA) in prokaryotic cells?
To form the core of ribosome structure and catalyze protein synthesis.
True or False: Most bacteria reproduce through binary fission.
True.
What is the function of the bacterial cytoskeleton?
To maintain cell shape and assist in cell division.
