Organelles and Macromolecules Flashcards
is a compartment within a eukaryotic cell that has a specific function
Organelles
The name ______ comes from the idea that these structures are to cells what an organ is to the body.
Organelle
They are essential for various cellular functions, including energy production, protein synthesis, and cell division.
Organelles
Separates the cell interior from the external environment.
Cell membrane
Stores genetic material and coordinates cellular activities.
Nucleus
Found in most eukaryotic cells, it functions in pre-ribosome production.
Nucleolus
Powerhouses of the cell, producing ATP through cellular respiration.
Mitochondria
Synthesizes proteins (rough ER) and lipids (smooth ER).
Endoplasmic Reticulum
Modifies, sorts, and packages proteins and lipids for secretion.
Golgi Apparatus
Digests excess or worn-out organelles, food particles, and engulfed viruses or bacteria.
Lysosomes
Synthesize proteins.
Ribosomes
These single-membrane compartments find use in storage and transportation of materials.
Vacuole
Single-membrane compartments that perform material transport.
Vesicles
Performs sensory or locomotion tasks in some eukaryotes.
Flagellum
Breaks down hydrogen peroxide.
Peroxisome
Degrades unnecessary proteins.
Proteasome
a very large molecule, usually consisting of repeated subunits called monomers, which cannot be reduced to simpler constituents without sacrificing the “building block” element.
Macromolecules
Carbohydrates
Lipids
Protein
Nucleic Acid
