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Science > Organ system > Flashcards

Organ system Flashcards

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Biology 101 flashcards
1
Q

Cardiovascular

A

Relating to the heart and blood vessels.

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2
Q

Blood

A

The red liquid that circulates in the arteries and veins of humans.

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3
Q

Heart

A

An organ that pumps blood through the circulatory system.

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4
Q

Deoxygenated

A

Some of the oxygen that has been removed from the blood.

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5
Q

Oxygenated

A

Blood that has been supplied in the lungs.

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6
Q

artery

A

the muscular-walled tubes forming part of the circulation system by which blood is conveyed from the heart to all parts of the body.

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7
Q

vein

A

the tubes forming part of the blood circulation system of the body, carrying in most cases oxygen-depleted blood towards the heart.

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8
Q

capillary

A

Capillaries form a network throughout the body for the exchange of oxygen.

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9
Q

valve

A

valves of the heart that prevents the backflow of blood through its cusps or flaps of tissues.

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10
Q

red blood cell

A

The primary function of red blood cells is to transport oxygen to body cells and deliver carbon dioxide to the lungs.

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11
Q

white blood cell

A

white blood cells are the cells of the immune system that are involved in protecting the body against both infectious diseases.

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12
Q

platelets

A

Platelets are tiny blood cell fragments that help your body form clots to stop bleeding.

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13
Q

plasma

A

A yellowish fluid that helps move the blood around the body.

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14
Q

lymphocytes

A

A type of blood cell with a single round nucleus, occurring, especially in the lymphatic system.

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15
Q

macrophage

A

A macrophage is a type of phagocyte, which is a cell responsible for detecting, engulfing and destroying pathogens and apoptotic cells.

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16
Q

centrifuge

A

a machine with a rapidly rotating container that applies centrifugal force to its contents

17
Q

erythrocytes

A

erythrocytes are also known as red blood cells

18
Q

leucocytes

A

leucocytes are another word for white blood cells

19
Q

haemoglobin

A

haemoglobin is the red pigment in red blood cells that carries oxygen

20
Q

oxyhaemoglobin

A

oxyhaemoglobin is haemoglobin with oxygen molecules attached

21
Q

vena cava

A

vena cava large vein leading into the top right chamber of the heart

22
Q

diaphragm

A

diaphragm flexible, dome-shaped, muscular layer separating the chest and the abdomen. It is involved in breathing.

23
Q

vital capacity

A

vital capacity the largest volume of air that can be breathed in or out at one time

24
Q

cellular respiration

A

cellular respiration the chemical reaction involving oxygen that moves the energy in glucose into the compound ATP. The body is able to use the energy contained in ATP.

25
Q

glucose

A

glucose a simple carbohydrate and the simplest form of sugar

26
Q

respiratory system

A

respiratory system the body system involving the lungs and associated structures, which take in air and supply the blood with oxygen to deliver to the body’s cells so they can carry out their essential functions; it also performs gas exchange to remove the waste gas carbon dioxide

27
Q

trachea

A

trachea narrow tube from the mouth to the lungs through which air moves

28
Q

bronchi

A

bronchi the narrow tubes through which air passes from the trachea to the smaller bronchioles and alveoli in the respiratory system. Singular = bronchus.

29
Q

bronchioles

A

bronchioles small branching tubes in the lungs leading from the two larger bronchi to the alveoli

30
Q

alveoli

A

alveoli tiny air sacs in the lungs at the ends of the narrowest tubes. Oxygen moves from alveoli into the surrounding blood vessels, in exchange for carbon dioxide.

31
Q

pulmonary vein

A

pulmonary vein the vessel through which oxygenated blood travels from your lungs to the heart

32
Q

arterioles

A

arterioles vessels that transport oxygenated blood from the arteries to the capillaries

33
Q

aorta

A

aorta a large artery through which oxygenated blood is pumped at high pressure from the left ventricle of the heart to the body

Science (9 decks)

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