org Flashcards
is the person who is responsible for the over-all operation of the organization
manager
set goals; handle external affairs; make strategic plans and crucial decisions
top level managers
formulate and carry out activities; report to the top manager; supervise and leads the lower level manager and distribute resources
middle-lever manages
responsible for the day-to-day operations; reports to middle- level manager; serve as a bridge between management and non- management employees
lower-level manager
A socially expected behavior pattern usually determined by an individual’s status in a particular society.
roles
He stand as a source of inspiration and a symbol of legal authority to his employees and performs social, ceremonial duties like signing of documents and receiving vis
figure head
Hires, trains and motivates his personnel and he also communicates performance goals and evaluates the performance of the employees.
leader
Interacts and communicates with internal and external members of the organization
liaison
transmits information about the organization to outside parties or individuals.
spokespeson
Takes and distributes information to the appropriate individuals or subordinates regularly.
dissemator
this role entails processing and using of information to make decisions in order for the managers to get things done.
decision making
The one who design and initiate change within the organization
entrepreneur
Handles and resolves conflicts among employees, difficult problems and non- routine situations like strikes
MEDIATOR
The manager decides on how to allocate or distribute the resources and with whom to work closely to attain desired outcomes.
Resource allocator
This role is where the manager represents a team or departments when negotiating an issue
negotiator
indicates the total of all people, organizations, and other forces that are not under the control of industry but may have an impact on its production.
BUSINESS ENVIRONMENT
WHAT ARE THE BARRIERS
INFLATION
INTEREST RATES
EXCHANGE RATES
ECONOMIC GROWTH
PEOPLE’S SPENDING HABITS
is a period when the general price level of the products and services in an economy increases.
INFLATION
is the percentage of the principal charged for the use of money by the lender
INTEREST RATE
is the price of the nation’s currency in comparison to foreign currency.
EXCHANGE RATE
an increase in the amount and value of goods and services produced by an economy for a certain period of time.
ECONOMIC GROWTH
-consumer’s changing ways of spending their money on goods and services.
PEOPLE’S SPENDING HABITS
It consists of factors or elements within the organization that have a direct impact, either positively or negatively, on the business operations.
INTERNAL BUSINESS ENVIRONMENT
It consists of factors or elements outside the organization that have indirect but significant influence, either positively or negatively, on its operation.
EXTERNAL BUSINESS EVIRONMENT
-is also refers to the operating environment
Microenvironment
-this factor has the most significant impact on the business.
CUSTOMER
-defined as the person or organisation that provides a product or service to another business.
Suppliers
an agency that has been delegated authority by Congress to issue rules or regulations, to issue licenses, to establish rates, or to undertake a combination of these actions
REGULATORY ACCESS
- is also known as the general environment.
MACROENVIRONMENT
such as labor laws, taxes, environmental laws, tariffs, and trade restrictions can all have an impact on or interfere with business operations.
POLITICAL FACTORS
-It is a factor that can affect and influence an individuals’ financial status
ECONOMIC FACTORS
the things that affect the habits and spending of customers.
Social factors
-Influences that have an impact on how an organization operates that are related to the equipment used within the organization’s environment.
Technological factors
is the constant monitoring and evaluation of information from the external and internal environment of a business firm
Environmental Scanning
is not often done and is usually applicable only during a crisis situation.
Ad hoc environmental scanning
is usually done at least once a year or at a regular interval.
Regular environmental scanning
-refers to the continuous collection of data on a broad range of environmental factors.
Continuous environmental scanning
is a method of predicting how variables in the environment will alter the future of business.
Business Forecasting
it is the process of measuring or comparing one’s own products, services and practices with those of the recognized industry leaders in order to identify areas for improvement.
BENCHMARKING
a measurement tool which is used to assess markets for a particular product or a business at a given time frame.
PEST ANALYSIS?
is a technique for assessing these four aspects of your business.
SWOT
SWOT STANDS FOR
Strengths, Weaknesses, Opportunities, and Threats
PEST STANDS FOR
POLITICAL, ECONOMIC, SOCIAL, TECHNOLOGICAL
is an entity formed in order to carry out a business by providing goods and services to meet the needs of the customers.
BUSINESS ORGANIZATION
Is a business venture owned by a single individual who makes all the decision of the business.
SOLE- PROPRIETORSHIP
Is a legal form of business operation between two or more individuals who share management and profits.
PARTNERSHIP
Is a partnership with only general partners. Each general partner takes the management and also takes responsibility for the liabilities of the business.
GENERAL PARTNERSHIP
does not participate in the management of the business and has a limited liability up to his capital investment only.
LIMITED PARTNERSHIP
refers to a separate body consisting of at least five individuals treated by law as a unit.
CORPORATION
are the distinct stages involved in the total process off economic development in particular country.
economic development phases
is a measure average achievement in key dimensions of human development
improvement of humn development index
these rbusiness organizations with few departments, centralized authority with a wide span of control
simple business organization
these pertains to business organizations that group together those with similar or related specialized duties
functional business organizations
these are business organization designs for the purpose of ahieving their organization’s mission vision goal
profit business organizations
designed wwihtout expecting monrrtary gains
nonprofit business organizations
First management function
* Very essential component of management
* A process that involves the setting of the organization’s goals, establishing strategies for accomplishing those
goals and developing plans of action or means that
managers intend to use to achieve organizational goals.
planning
the identification of targets or desired ends that management wants to reach.
Goal-setting
a mental image of what the organization will be in the way
future, as desired by the company management and employees.
Vision
basic purpose of an organization and range of their operations.
Mission
basic purpose of an organization and range of their operations.
Objectives
- plans that establish the organization’s overall goals and apply to the entire firm
Strategic plans
plans that apply to a particular unit area only; their scope is narrow
Operational plans
plans that go beyond three years
Long-term plans
plans that cover one year or less
Short-term plans
- plans that are flexible or give general guidelines only
Directional plans
plans that are clearly stated and which have no room for
interpretation
Specific plans
plans used or stated once only as this applies to the entire organization
Single-use plans
plans that are ongoing; provide guidance for different
activities done repeatedly;
Standing plans
may offer alternative courses of
action when the uneXpected
happens or when things for
wrong
CONTINGENCY
PLANNING
several future states of affairs
must be identified and alternative plans must be prepared in order to meet the changes or challenges on the future.
SCENARIO PLANNING:
change in an attribute , condition, factor, parameter or value that represents crossing a threshold and actuates or initiate a mechanism or reaction that
may lead to a radically different
state of affairs.
TRIGGER POINT
an attemp to predict what may
happen in the future
FORECASTING :
A decision that is
repetitive and can
be handled using a
routine approach
STRUCTURED OR
PROGRAMMED DECISION
Applied to the resolution of
problems that are new or unusual and for which
information is incomplete.
UNSTRUCTURED OR NONPROGRAMMED DECISION
ideal conditions in
deciding problems;
these are situations in
which a manager can
make results of all
alternatives are known.
CERTAINTY CONDITIONS
compel the decision maker
to do estimates regarding
the possible ocurence of
certain outcomes that may
affect his or her chosen
solution to a problem
RISK OR UNCERTAINTY
CONDITIONS
involves assigning different tasks to different people in the organization’s different work units.
Division of labor
is the process in which different individuals and units perform different tasks.
Specialization
is another process in the organization’s internal environment which involves the collaboration and coordination of its different work units or work divisions.
Integration
refers to the procedures that connect the network activities of the different work divisions/units of the firm in order to achieve its overall goal.
Coordination
refers to the procedures that connect the network activities of the different work divisions/units of the firm in order to achieve its overall goal.
Coordination
