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Nutricion > Ordinario > Flashcards

Ordinario Flashcards

1
Q

Which of the following statements about arachidontic acid is true?

A

It is an omega-6 derivative involved in modulating inflammatory responses

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2
Q

Which type of fatty acids contain no double bonds?

A

Saturated fatty acids

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3
Q

What factor contributes to greater chewing impairment post-third molar extractions?

A

The difficulty of the surgery

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4
Q

The brain is very rich in fat, with about 40% of its composition being fatty acids

A

Falso

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5
Q

What is the interpretation of a “soft diet” in the context of postoperative dietary recommendations?

A

Liquid or semi-liquid foods that do not requiere opening the jaw or chewing

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6
Q

How does mandible or midface fractures affect basal metabolism?

A

Increases it by approximately 10%

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7
Q

What is the pathophysiological role of nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-kB) in inflamed periodontal tissue?

A

It promotes inflammatory changes by stimulating the production of inflammatory mediators

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8
Q

Protein malnutrition during pregnancy can lead to defects in tooth size and enamel mineralization in the fetus
V o F

A

Verdadero

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9
Q

How can early childhood caries be prevented through nutrition?

A

By limiting breastfeeding at night

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10
Q

What is generally avioded in the diet until soft tissue healing is complete post- surgery?

A

Rice and other small particulate foods like seeds and popcorn

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11
Q

What is the minimum recommended fluid intake for postoperative patients?

A

2 liters per day

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12
Q

Omega-6 fatty acids are mainly found in fatty fish and shellfish
V o F

A

Falso

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13
Q

Which factors are implicated with prolonged recovery post- dentoalveolar surgery?

A

Female gender and surgery duration more than 30 minutes

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14
Q

What is a consequence of inadequate maternal weight gain and protein malnutrition during pregnancy?

A

Delayed tooth eruption

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15
Q

Placement of a feeding tube prior to or at the time of surgery for enteral nutrition support may be considered if there is preexisting malnutrition or anticipated compromised oral intake postoperative
V o F

A

Verdadero

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16
Q

What role do reactive oxygen species play in periodontal disease?

A

They cause oxidative stress and tissue damage

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17
Q

What is the primary function of omega-6 fatty acids?

A

Provide energy

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18
Q

Patients undergoing third molar surgery experience substantial difficulty chewing, which typically resolves within a week post-surgery
V o F

A

Verdadero

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19
Q

At what stage does the development of permanent dentition typically begin?

A

Around 20 week in utero

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20
Q

Which type of fatty acids are essential and include omega-3 and omega-6?

A

Polyunsatured fatty acids

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21
Q

Dietary fats play a role in the absorption of fat-soluble vitamins A, D, E and K
V o F

A

Verdadero

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22
Q

Which nutrient is essential for normal synthesis of collagen, the main protein found in dentin?

A

Vitamin C

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23
Q

How do trans fats affect cholesterol levels?

A

Raise bad LSL and lower good HDL

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24
Q

When does the development of primary teeth typically begin?

A

Between 6-8 weeks gestation

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25
Q

A healthy ratio omega-6 to omega-3 fatty acids is typically between 1-to-1 and 4-to-1
V o F

A

Verdadero

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26
Q

Tooth enamel does not contain any proteins
V o F

A

Falso

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27
Q

Fat is the most concentrated source of energy in the human diet, providing 4kcal/ gram
V o F

A

Falso

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28
Q

How does breastfeeding contribute to proper oral development in infants?

A

By promoting proper jaw and tongue movement

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29
Q

Tooth enamel contains keratin, a protein that relies on vitamin C for normal synthesis
V o F

A

Falso

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30
Q

Which fatty acid is a major component of brain and retinal lipids?

A

Docosahexaenoic acid

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31
Q

Which nutrient is essential for the process by which calcium and phosphorus are deposited into the structural matrix of bones and teeth?

A

Vitamin D

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32
Q

When might enteral nutrition be indicated for individuals following surgical procedures of the oral cavity?

A

In individuals with preexisting malnutrition

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33
Q

Visceral fat that accumulates around the organs in the abdomen is associated with a lower risk of developing chronic diseases
V o F

A

Falso

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34
Q

Breast milk contains antibodies and immune factors that protect against oral infections such as candidiasis and gum disease
V o F

A

Verdadero

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35
Q

Partially hydrogenated oils are healthier than natural vegetable oils
V o F

A

Falso

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36
Q

Fluoride primarily contributes to the formation of collagen in fetal teeth
V o F

A

Falso

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37
Q

What is the primary source of trans fats in the diet?

A

Processed foods

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38
Q

Nutritional status has no impact on the healing of oral tissues post-surgery
V o F

A

Falso

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39
Q

What are the primary sources of omega-3 fatty acids?

A

Fatty fish and flaxseeds

40
Q

What is the role of age-appropiate solid food introduction in dental development?

A

It supports overall growth and development, including dental health

41
Q

How do saturated fats contribute to periodontal disease?

A

All the above

42
Q

Why may a prolonged period of full liquid diet intake be necessary in patients requiring maxillomandibular fixation?

A

To optimize fracture healing

43
Q

What is a potential consequence of maternal consumption of sugary and acidic foods during lactation?

A

Higher risk of dental caries in breastfed infants

44
Q

Arachidonic acid produces pro- inflammatory eicosanoids, which can increase the risk of inflammation disease
V o F

A

Verdadero

45
Q

Which of the following fatty acids are known for their anti-inflammatory properties and potencial protective effects against periodontal diasease?

A

Omega-3 fatty acids

46
Q

Saturated fats tend to have melting points and are usually liquid at room temperature
V o F

A

Falso

47
Q

What term refers to nutrients that the body requieres in relatively large amounts?

A

Macronutrients

48
Q

Sources of carbohydrates in the diet come from all of the following groups of foods except:

A

Meat, fish and poultry

49
Q

The percentage of total obtained from carbohydrates should be between

A

20-35%

50
Q

Which of the following dietary trends is contributing to the rise of non-communicable disease in Mexico and globally?

A

High intake of processed foods and surgary beverages

51
Q

Which of the following is a polysaccharide found in chloroplasts in plants and serves as a storage form of glucose?

A

Glycogen

52
Q

The order of amino acids in a specific protein determines its:

A

Function in the body

53
Q

Involuntary process of obtaining, assimilating and nutrients for the growth and maintenance of the body

A

Nutrition

54
Q

What is the term used to describe the process by which nutrients are taken into the body through the mouth?

A

Ingestion

55
Q

Which of the following factors does NOT influence protein requirements?

A

Ethnicity

56
Q

Which of the following statements about chemical digestion is true?

A

It is carried out by enzymes that break down food molecules into simpler substances

57
Q

What does stunting indicate about a child’s nutritional status?

A

Chronic undernutrition

58
Q

What enzymes do bacteria, particularly mutans streptococci, use to metabolize sucrose?

A

Glucosyltransferance

59
Q

Complementary proteins refer to:

A

Pairing two incomplete protein sources to provide all indispensable amino acids

60
Q

What is the term used to describe the breakdown of food into smaller components that can be absorbed by the body?

A

Digestion

61
Q

Which of the following physical traits of food confers the hightest potential for the dental Carie’s?

A

Retentive

62
Q

How many essential amino acids are there for adults?

A

None of the above

63
Q

Recovery from illness, surgery or injury may increase an individual’s energy requirement
V o F

A

Falso

64
Q

Which of the following statements about fiber is true?

A

All of the above

65
Q

Which of the following is NOT a function of dietary fiber?

A

Enchanting muscle growth

66
Q

Which law of correct nutrition suggests that nutrients should be consumed in the right proportions to achieve a balanaced diet?

A

Law of harmony

67
Q

Which two monosaccharides have to join together to form maltose?

A

Glucose + glucose

68
Q

What are some potential consequences of inadequate nutrition on public health?

A

All of the above

69
Q

The building blocks of proteins are:

A

Amino acids

70
Q

According to the study by Atkinson FS, et Al in 2021, what portion size of available carbohydrate significantly impacts dental plaque pH?

A

25 grams

71
Q

What is the term used to describe the ratio of an individual’s weight to their height, commonly used to assess body fatness?

A

Body mass index (BMI)

72
Q

What is a bond between amino acids called?

A

Peptide bond

73
Q

Indispensable nutrients:

A

Must be supplied by food

74
Q

Which of the following carbohydrates is commonly found in dairy products?

A

Galactose

75
Q

What is the term used to describe the process by which nutrients are utilized by cells for energy, growth, and repair?

A

Metabolism

76
Q

How does consuming foods with a lower glycemic index contributes to overall health?

A

All of the above

77
Q

What is the unit of measurement used to quantify energy obtained from food?

A

Calorie

78
Q

How can the sequence of eating a cariogenic food product during a meal or snack alter its cariogenic properties?

A

Consuming starches along with sugars decreases their cariogenic properties

79
Q

Which of the following is not a protein?

A

Glycogen

80
Q

What is the term used to describe the energy expended during the digestion, absorption, and metabolism of nutrients in food?

A

Thermic effect of food

81
Q

What is the glycemic index?

A

A measure of how quickly a carbohydrate-containing food raises blood glucose levels

82
Q

The best type of fiber to eat for reducing constipation is:

A

Insoluble fiber

83
Q

What term refers to the process by which nutrients are transported from the digestive system into the bloodstream?

A

Absorption

84
Q

Which of the following is a function of proteins in the human body?

A

All of the above

85
Q

Which two monosaccharides have to join together to form source?

A

Glucose + fructose

86
Q

Which of the following factors contributes to the current nutritional challenges in Mexico and many parts of the world?

A

Rapid urbanization and changing dietary patterns

87
Q

Which of the following food factors affect the rate at which sugar is cleared from saliva?

A

All of the above

88
Q

Sucrose is not as sweet as fructose
V o F

A

Falso

89
Q

What is the main polysaccharide found in plant of cell walls?

A

Cellulose

90
Q

Incomplete proteins lack one or more:

A

Essential amino acids

91
Q

Which of the following factors influences an individual’s energy requiremet?

A

All of the above

92
Q

Glycogen that is stored in the liver can be used by other organs and cells in the body
V o F

A

Verdadero

93
Q

Which term refers to the amount of energy requiered to maintain basic bodily

A

Basal metabolic rate

94
Q

Which law of correct nutrition focuses on consuming the appropriate amount of food to meet energy needs without excess or defiency?

A

Law of quantity

95
Q

Which of the following classifications is defined by a BMI between 18.5 and 24.9?

A

Normal weight

Nutricion (1 decks)

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