orbit/eyelid

Question 1

Name the for walls of the orbit

Answer 1

Roof, lateral wall, medial wall and floor

Question 2

Name the weakest wall of the orbit

Answer 2

Floor (thinnest is lamina papyracea, nasal/medial wall, honeycomb makes it stronger)

Question 3

Which portion of orbital rim is strongest

Answer 3

Strongest: laterally (zygomatic bone + zygomatic process of the frontal bone) thickest: anterior aperture

Question 4

Name the seven bones that make up the orbit

Answer 4

Sphenoid, frontal, ethmoid, maxillary, zygomatic, palatine, lacrimal

Question 5

Which bones are common to both orbits?

Answer 5

Ethmoid, sphenoid, and frontal bones

Question 6

Nasal wall is supported by what structure?

Answer 6

Lamina papyracea of ethmoid b. honeycomb structure (strong, medial wall less fractured than orbital floor)

Question 7

Smallest bone of the orbit

Answer 7

Lacrimal bone

Question 8

Which bone houses the lacrimal sac? Lacrimal

Answer 8

Lacrimal bone

Question 9

Which portion of the orbit houses the lacrimal gland

Answer 9

roof- frontal b. has lacrimal fossa 4 lacrimal gland

Question 10

On average what field of view can be obtained temporally?

Answer 10

100 degrees

Question 11

On average what field of view can be obtained nasally?

Answer 11

60 degrees

Question 12

When the orbital floor fractures the contents are shifted to which sinus usually

Answer 12

Maxillary

Question 13

Name the ocular symptoms experienced by patients with a blow-out fracture?

Answer 13

Loss of vision, diplopia, enophthalmos

Question 14

Name the non-ocular symptoms experienced by patients with a blow-out fracture?

Answer 14

Stuffy nose, numb cheek

Question 15

A patient has a blunt trauma to the eye and complaints of double vision. What is the likely reason for the double vision?

Answer 15

Blow out fracture

Question 16

Why should you evaluate for sensation of cheek when a person has a blunt trauma to the globe?

Answer 16

Damage to infraorbital nerve (located in maxillary bone off trigeminal nerve) touch face see if facial nerve C7 damaged

Question 17

Why should you recommend a person with orbital fracture not blow their nose?

Answer 17

orbital contents are in maxillary sinus will blow out orbit contents

Question 18

A globe development reaches what size by 20 months on average?

Answer 18

90% of adult size

Question 19

What is the anteroposterior diameter of eyeball at birth?

Answer 19

16mm

Question 20

Eyeball is smaller in myopic eye or hyperopic eye?

Answer 20

Hyperopic

Question 21

What is the most common cause of exophthalmos?

Answer 21

Thyroid eye disease

Question 22

What is collier’s sign?

Answer 22

Retraction of the upper lid

Question 23

What is Von Grafe’s sign?

Answer 23

Delay of movement of the upper lid when shifting gaze from up to down causing a staring expression

Question 24

Name a few systemic signs and symptoms of excess thyroid secretion? (good question for clinic… not a ocular physiology question)

Answer 24

fast pulse, palpitations, profuse sweating, high BP, irritability/fatigue/heat intolerance, weight loss, loss of hair/change in hair quality

Question 25

Why can a person with thyroid eye disease experience dryness of eyes?

Answer 25

Secondary to inability of closing eye lids properly

Question 26

Why can a person with thyroid eye disease experience double vision?

Answer 26

Have difficulty in eye movement/restriction/strabismus

Question 27

What is the reason for optic nerve damage in thyroid eye disease?

Answer 27

Secondary to impingement bc hypertrophy of muscles, brain tissue doesn’t regenerate mm on optic nerve causes damage, death of ganglion axons

Question 28

What are differential diagnosis of exophthalmos?

Answer 28

Measuring protrusion (most accurate)

Question 29

Name four causes of exophthalmos

Answer 29

Thyroid eye disease, hemangioma, inflammatory pseudotumor, benign and malignant tumor, craniostenoses, craniofacial dystostosis