Orbit and the Eye Pt. 1 Flashcards

1
Q

Seven Bones of the Orbit

A
Frontal
Ethmoid
Sphenoid
Maxilla
Zygomatic
Palatine
Lacrimal
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2
Q

Four walls of the orbits

A

Lateral, medial, roof and floor

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3
Q

Lateral Wall consists of:

A

zygomatic bone and greater wing of the sphenoid bone.

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4
Q

Medial wall

A

Ethmoid and lacrimal bones

(and includes the anterior and posterior ethmoidal foramina int he frontosphenoid suture)

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5
Q

Roof

A

Orbital plate of the frontal bone

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6
Q

Floor

A

Orbital surface of the maxilla, very thin.

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7
Q

The inferior orbital fissure is continuous with the ___________ canal which opens onto the face via the infraorbital foramen.

A

infraorbital canal

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8
Q

Eyeball is about ____ cm in diameter

A

2.5

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9
Q

True/False: There are no lymph vessels in the orbit.

A

True.

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10
Q

The orbit contains (8):

A
eye
optic nerve
EOMs
lacrimal apparatus
fat
fascia
nerves
vessels
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11
Q

(2) orbital fascia

A

periorbita (periosteum lining bones of orbit)

common tendinous ring (origin of the four rectus muscles)

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12
Q

Rectus muscle origin and insertion?

A

Origin: common tendinous ring
Insert: anterior half of the eye

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13
Q

Obliques and levator origin and insertion

A

origin: bones of orbit
insert: obliques - posterior half of eye
levator palpebrae superioris - superior tarsus (upper eyelid)

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14
Q

Lateral and medial rectus actions?

A

Lateral: ABducts eye
Medial: ADducts eye

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15
Q

Inferior and superior oblique muscle actions?

A

Inferior Oblique: Up and Out

Superior Oblique: Down and Out

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16
Q

Superior and inferior rectus muscle actions?

A

Superior Rectus: Up and In

Inferior Rectus: Down and In

17
Q

SR + SO Intort/extort eye?

A

Intort eye

18
Q

IR + IO intort/extort eye?

A

Extort eye

19
Q

elevation by?

20
Q

Depression by?

21
Q

ABduction by?

A

LR + IO + SO

22
Q

ADduction by?

A

MR + IR + SR

23
Q

SO and IO raise and lower eye when held in AB/ADduction?

24
Q

SR and IR raise and lower eye when held in AB/ADduction?

A

ABduction!

25
Special Afferent (SA)
``` Optic Nerve (II) Optic nerve carries SA fibers from retina to the visual centers of the brain. Has dural coverings; extension of the brain. ```
26
General Afferent (GA)
Ophthalmic Nerve (V1) which contains: 1. Frontal n. 2. Lacrimal n. 3. Nasociliary n. Long ciliary nerves (general afferents from the eye)
27
General Efferent (GE)
``` Oculomotor Nerve (III) --> all EOMs except: Trochlear Nerve (IV) --> sup. oblique m. Abducent nerve (VI) --> lat rectus m. ```
28
VI Lesion
- Loss of LR m (out) - affected eye turns medially - diplopia
29
IV lesion
- loss of SO m (down and out) - Head is tilted away from the affected side - Affected eye is slightly higher and deviated medially. - may have diplopia.
30
III lesion; oculomotor palsy
paralysis of all EOMs except LR and SO. - upper eyelid ptosis Pupilary dilation - poor near focus
31
Ophthalmic artery, where is it from and what does it branch off to?
From the Internal carotid artery 1. lacrimal artery 2. Central retinal artery