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Ophthalmology Anatomy > Orbit and Eye > Flashcards

Orbit and Eye Flashcards

1
Q

Which bones are present in the orbit?

A 
Maxillary 
Zygomatic 
Frontal 
Lacrimal 
Ethmoid 
Sphenoid
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2
Q

Which three bones have an “orbital plate”?

A

Frontal
Maxillary
Zygomatic

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3
Q

What are the components of the eyelids?

A

Tarsal plate with glands
Obicularis oculi
Levator palpebrae superioris

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4
Q

What is the tarsal plate?

A

Thickened plate of connective tissue containing glands

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5
Q

To which group of muscles do obicularis oculi belong?

A

Muscles of facial expression

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6
Q

What is the function of obicularis oculi?

A

Circular muscles surrounding the eye

Allow you to close your eyes

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7
Q

What is the innervation of obicularis oculi?

A

Facial Nerve (CN VII)

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8
Q

To which group of muscles does elevator palpebrae superioris belong?

A

Extraocular muscles

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9
Q

What is the function of elevator palpebrae superioris?

A

Elevator of upper eyelid

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10
Q

What is the innervation of elevator palpebrae superioris?

A

Oculomotor (CN III)

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11
Q

What is the tear pathway?

A 
Lacrimal gland 
Across cornea 
Puncta lacrimalia 
Canaliculi 
Lacrimal sac
Nasolacrimal duct 
Inferior meatus of lateral wall of nasal cavity
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12
Q

What is the innervation of the lacrimal gland?

A 
Facial nerve (CN VII) 
Parasympathetic
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13
Q

Which cranial nerves have a parasympathetic component?

A

Oculomotor (CN III)
Facial (CN VII)
Glossopharyngeal (CN IX)
Vagus (CN X)

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14
Q

What ar ether three main “functional” layers of the eyeball?

A

Outer fibrous
Middle vascular pigmented
Inner nervous

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15
Q

What are the components of the outer fibrous layer of the eyeball?

A

Sclera - white

Cornea - transparent

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16
Q

What are the components of the middle vascular pigmented layer of the eyeball?

A

Choroid
Ciliary body
Iris

17
Q

What are the components of the inner nervous layer of the eyeball?

A

Retina

18
Q

What are the components of the ciliary body?

A

Ciliary muscles

Suspensory ligament of lens

19
Q

What is the effect of ciliary muscle relaxation?

A

Suspensory ligaments pull on lens
Lens thins
Long distance vision

20
Q

What is the effect of ciliary muscle contraction?

A

Relaxation of suspensory ligaments

Lens fattens

21
Q

What is the normal structure of the lens?

A

Round, bulbous structure

22
Q

What are the two muscles contained within the iris?

A

Sphincter pupillae

Dilator pupillae

23
Q

What is the function and innervation of sphincter pupillae?

A 
Constrict pupil (bright light, accommodation) 
Parasympathetic = Oculomotor (CN III)
24
Q

What is the function and innervation of dilator pupillae?

A 
Dilate pupil (dim light, fright) 
Sympathetic control
25
Q

What is the function and innervation of ciliary muscles?

A

Change the shape of the lens

Oculomotor (CN III)

26
Q

What are the extrinsic muscles of the eye?

A 
Superior rectus 
Inferir rectus 
Lateral rectus 
Medial rectus 
Inferior oblique 
Superior oblique
27
Q

What is the function of superior rectus?

A

Elevation

Moves eye up and in

28
Q

What is the function of inferior rectus?

A

Depression

Moves eye down and in

29
Q

What is the function of lateral rectus?

A

Abducts eye

30
Q

What is the function of medial rectus?

A

Adducts eye

31
Q

What is the function of superior oblique?

A

Moves eye down and out (tramp)

32
Q

What is the function of inferior oblique?

A

Moves eye up and out

33
Q

What is the innervation of the extrinsic eye muscles?

A

All = Oculomotor (CN III)
Lateral Rectus = Abducent (CN VI) “abducent supplies abductor)
Superior Oblique = Trochlear (CN IV) “passes through a trochlear”

34
Q

How do you test medial rectus?

A

Make patient adduct eye

35
Q

How do you test lateral rectus?

A

Make patient abduct eye

36
Q

How do you test superior rectus?

A

Make patient abduct eye then look up

37
Q

How do you test inferior rectus?

A

Make patient abduct eye then look down

38
Q

How do you test superior oblique?

A

Make patient adduct eye then look down

39
Q

How do you test inferior oblique?

A

Make patient adduct eye then look up

Ophthalmology Anatomy (3 decks)

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