oral questions Flashcards

1
Q

Define manual therapy?

A

Specialized form of physical therapy involves hands on technique

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2
Q

What are types of manual therapy

A

soft tissue technique
articulatory technique
nerve based techniques

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3
Q

Indications of manual therapy

A

Muscle and joint pain
Reduced ROM
muscle tightness and spasm
joint stiffness
Headache
Sports injury
post surgical rehabilitation
postural issue
nerve compression

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4
Q

What are the primary types of soft tissue

A

Skin
Tendon
Muscle
Fascia
Blood and lymph vessels
Ligament
Adipose tissue
connective tissue
nerves

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5
Q

Give an account on the structure and function of the skin

A

Epidermis:acts as a protective barrier
dermis:beneath the epidermis
hypodermis:deepest layer

function:
protection
regulation of body temperature
sensation
synthesis of vitamin D

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6
Q

what is the structural diagnosis of mechanical dysfunction

A

The assessment and identification of physical and anatomical abnormalities or issues with in musculoskeletal system

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7
Q

How is the soft tissue layer palapation done

A

-patient position:depend on the location of soft tissue being examined
-examine any visible signs or abnormalities
-gentle palpation
-layer by layer assessment:examination typically progress through various soft tissue layers

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8
Q

definition of massage therapy and compare between medical massage and orthopedic massage

A

manual manipulation of body soft tissue

medical:used to manage specific diagnosis and medical conditions
-decreases pain restores ROM
restore soft tissue flexibility
orthopedic:Focus on musculoskeletal tissue
improve flexibility
restore proper movement
gain normal ROM

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9
Q

describe effect of massage therapy

A

physological
miscellaneous
digestive effect

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10
Q

Physiological effects of massage

A

effects on:
circulatory system
exchange of nutritive elements
metabolism
nervous system
soft tissue mobility
respiratory system
skin
adipose tissue
immune system

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11
Q

effects of massage therapy on circulatory system

A

venous and lymph vessel flow
arterial blood flow
decrease of venous congestion

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12
Q

effects of massage on venous and lymphatic flow

A

mechanical emptying facilitate the forward movement of the venous blood and the lymph

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13
Q

effect on the arterial blood flow

A

help in increasing blood flow

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14
Q

effect on the exchange of nutritive elements

A

bring more oxygen and nutritive elements
more rapid blood oxygenation speed up lymphatic and venous flow
promotes rapid disposal of the waste elements

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15
Q

effect of massage on the nervous system

A

effects on sensory motor and autonomic

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16
Q

effects of massage on the sensory nervous system

A

Gait control theory: different maneuvers stimulate touch and pressure receptors present on the skin and soft tissue
counter irritant effect:some massage maneuvers also produce mild to moderate pain by stimulation of painful areas in the body its said that it facilitate the secretion of certain anti pain substances such as B endorphin and enkephalin

17
Q

effect of massage on motor nervous system

A

pressure over muscle activates muscle spindle by distorting shape
cutaneous stimulation by quick light brushing
inhibitory petrissage or massage in which ms are kneaded can exert inhibitory effect on motor neurons
effleurage produce both stimulating and relaxing effect

18
Q

effect of massage on autonomic nervous system

A

regulate heart rate
increase cardiac output
regulate blood pressure
improve skin condition
enhance therapeutic status of the part that is massaged

19
Q

effect of massage on the skin

A

increase skin temp
activates sweat glands
increase skin conductance
facilitate movement of the skin over the subcutaneous structure

20
Q

effect of massage on the respiratory system

A

gas exchange becomes more efficient

21
Q

effect of massage on the immune system

A

stress reduction tool inhibit immunological effect

22
Q

effect of massage on digestive system

A

relieves constipation and promotes evacuation

23
Q

miscellaneous effect of massage

A

improves sleep pattern
-mood
-body image
-self esteem

massage promote kidney activity and decrease menstrual problems

massage increases physical well being
academic performance mental alertness

24
Q

contraindication of massage

A

Fever
Recent surgery
infectious skin condition
open wound
fractures and severe sprains
cancer
bleeding disorders
DVT

25
precautions of massage
patient assessment informed consent hygiene and sanitation allergies and sensitivities proper body mechanics pressure technique adjustments avoid endangerment sites
26
what is meant by endangerment site maps and list the common
specific areas on the body where caution is advised or where certain techniques should be used. -face -temples -sternal notch -armpits -chest -abdomen -pregnant -spine -lower back -inguinal area -popliteal fossa -bony prominences
27
massage preparation steps
hand hygiene nail length personal appearance hair management appropriate attire ROM
28
what are the practice guidelines
utilize entire hand adapt ur hand’s position employ proper body mechanics keep ur arms relaxed perform each stroke 3 times follow the pathological venous return
29
what is myofascial release therapy and it’s indications
manual therapy technique used to address musculoskeletal pain, restriction in movement, and soft tissue dysfunction indications: -muscle pain -muscle tightness postural problems repetitive stress injury chronic pain headache TMJ dysfunction scar tissue
30
contraindications of myof release therapy
open wound recent surgery recent injury acute inflammation infectious skin condtions fracture or distraction of bone cancer DVT severe hypersensitivity pregnancy
31
give an account on the structures of fascia
network of connective tissue provides lubricating fluid for movement collagen fibers elastic fibers ground substance fibroblast nerve ending blood and lymphatic vessels adipose tissue