oral questions Flashcards
Define manual therapy?
Specialized form of physical therapy involves hands on technique
What are types of manual therapy
soft tissue technique
articulatory technique
nerve based techniques
Indications of manual therapy
Muscle and joint pain
Reduced ROM
muscle tightness and spasm
joint stiffness
Headache
Sports injury
post surgical rehabilitation
postural issue
nerve compression
What are the primary types of soft tissue
Skin
Tendon
Muscle
Fascia
Blood and lymph vessels
Ligament
Adipose tissue
connective tissue
nerves
Give an account on the structure and function of the skin
Epidermis:acts as a protective barrier
dermis:beneath the epidermis
hypodermis:deepest layer
function:
protection
regulation of body temperature
sensation
synthesis of vitamin D
what is the structural diagnosis of mechanical dysfunction
The assessment and identification of physical and anatomical abnormalities or issues with in musculoskeletal system
How is the soft tissue layer palapation done
-patient position:depend on the location of soft tissue being examined
-examine any visible signs or abnormalities
-gentle palpation
-layer by layer assessment:examination typically progress through various soft tissue layers
definition of massage therapy and compare between medical massage and orthopedic massage
manual manipulation of body soft tissue
medical:used to manage specific diagnosis and medical conditions
-decreases pain restores ROM
restore soft tissue flexibility
orthopedic:Focus on musculoskeletal tissue
improve flexibility
restore proper movement
gain normal ROM
describe effect of massage therapy
physological
miscellaneous
digestive effect
Physiological effects of massage
effects on:
circulatory system
exchange of nutritive elements
metabolism
nervous system
soft tissue mobility
respiratory system
skin
adipose tissue
immune system
effects of massage therapy on circulatory system
venous and lymph vessel flow
arterial blood flow
decrease of venous congestion
effects of massage on venous and lymphatic flow
mechanical emptying facilitate the forward movement of the venous blood and the lymph
effect on the arterial blood flow
help in increasing blood flow
effect on the exchange of nutritive elements
bring more oxygen and nutritive elements
more rapid blood oxygenation speed up lymphatic and venous flow
promotes rapid disposal of the waste elements
effect of massage on the nervous system
effects on sensory motor and autonomic
effects of massage on the sensory nervous system
Gait control theory: different maneuvers stimulate touch and pressure receptors present on the skin and soft tissue
counter irritant effect:some massage maneuvers also produce mild to moderate pain by stimulation of painful areas in the body its said that it facilitate the secretion of certain anti pain substances such as B endorphin and enkephalin
effect of massage on motor nervous system
pressure over muscle activates muscle spindle by distorting shape
cutaneous stimulation by quick light brushing
inhibitory petrissage or massage in which ms are kneaded can exert inhibitory effect on motor neurons
effleurage produce both stimulating and relaxing effect
effect of massage on autonomic nervous system
regulate heart rate
increase cardiac output
regulate blood pressure
improve skin condition
enhance therapeutic status of the part that is massaged
effect of massage on the skin
increase skin temp
activates sweat glands
increase skin conductance
facilitate movement of the skin over the subcutaneous structure
effect of massage on the respiratory system
gas exchange becomes more efficient
effect of massage on the immune system
stress reduction tool inhibit immunological effect
effect of massage on digestive system
relieves constipation and promotes evacuation
miscellaneous effect of massage
improves sleep pattern
-mood
-body image
-self esteem
massage promote kidney activity and decrease menstrual problems
massage increases physical well being
academic performance mental alertness
contraindication of massage
Fever
Recent surgery
infectious skin condition
open wound
fractures and severe sprains
cancer
bleeding disorders
DVT
precautions of massage
patient assessment
informed consent
hygiene and sanitation
allergies and sensitivities
proper body mechanics
pressure technique adjustments
avoid endangerment sites
what is meant by endangerment site maps and list the common
specific areas on the body where caution is advised or where certain techniques should be used.
-face
-temples
-sternal notch
-armpits
-chest
-abdomen
-pregnant
-spine
-lower back
-inguinal area
-popliteal fossa
-bony prominences
massage preparation steps
hand hygiene
nail length
personal appearance
hair management
appropriate attire
ROM
what are the practice guidelines
utilize entire hand
adapt ur hand’s position
employ proper body mechanics
keep ur arms relaxed
perform each stroke 3 times
follow the pathological venous return
what is myofascial release therapy and it’s indications
manual therapy technique used to address musculoskeletal pain, restriction in movement, and soft tissue dysfunction
indications:
-muscle pain
-muscle tightness
postural problems
repetitive stress injury
chronic pain
headache
TMJ dysfunction
scar tissue
contraindications of myof release therapy
open wound
recent surgery
recent injury
acute inflammation
infectious skin condtions
fracture or distraction of bone
cancer
DVT
severe hypersensitivity
pregnancy
give an account on the structures of fascia
network of connective tissue provides lubricating fluid for movement
collagen fibers
elastic fibers
ground substance
fibroblast
nerve ending
blood and lymphatic vessels
adipose tissue
