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Oral Pathology Flashcards

1
Q

-sebaceous glands found in the oral mucosa

A

fordyce granules

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2
Q

-hair like appearance on dorsal surface of the tongue?

A

hairy tongue

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3
Q

What is the cause of hairy tongue?

A

unknown- may be from smoking or different bacteria. The bacteria accumulate and stain the keratin. Just recommend patients use a tongue scraper?

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4
Q

Found on the median palatal raphe in neonates

A

epstein pearls/bohn’s nodules or palatal cyst. They’re 1-3 mm white or yellowish papule of epithelial origin. NO treatment is indicated

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5
Q

Appears as a swelling in the upper lip, elevated ala of the nose, typically unilateral

A

Nasolabial cyst. More common in females. complete surgical removal and recurrence is rare.

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6
Q

MOST COMMON NON ODONTOGENIC CYST?

A

nasopalatine duct cyst- heart shaped around the nasopalatine duct. Painful

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7
Q

Epidermoid cyst?

A

pimple

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8
Q

Dermoid cyst?

A

benign cystic form of a teratoma, small mass that retains pitting after pressure, can occur as a sublingual swelling around the floor of the mouth,

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9
Q

What type of dentiongenesis imperfect is associated with osteogenesis imperfect?

A

Type 1

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10
Q

most common type of dentinogenesis imperfect?

A

type II

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11
Q

What color are teeth typically if they have dentinogeneiss imperfect?

A

blue/purple/brown translucent

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12
Q

inflammatory response leading to epithelial lined cyst lateral to the tooth

A

lateral radicular cyst- look for a radiolucency along the lateral aspect of the tooth

**RCT or extraction/or surgical excision

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13
Q

a cyst arising after incomplete removal of inflammatory tissue at the tooth at the time of extraction

A

residual cyst

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14
Q

Cellulitis

A

acute and edematous spread of an acute inflammatory process.

two dangerous forms: ludwig’s angina and cavernous minus thrombosis

**when a periodical abscess cannot establish drainage.

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15
Q

describe ludwig’s angina?

A

When infection enters the SUBMANDIBULAR space and it can spread to the retropharyngeal space then to the MEDIASTINUM– causes massive swelling in the neck- usually unilateral, pain, protruded tongue and may result in airway obstruction

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16
Q

what is cavernous sinus thrombosis?

A

infection involving CANINE space and can spread to the perioorbital area. causes swelling, vision changes, general symptoms of infection. can result in a brain abscess.

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17
Q

inflammatory process of the medullary spaces or cortical surfaces of bone?

A

osteomyelitis. more common in males than in females.

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18
Q

Is osteomyelitis more common in males or females?

A

MALES

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19
Q

fungal infection with candida albicans.

A

pseudomembranous candidiasis “thrush”

Immune status and oral environment contribute to the risk of infection.

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20
Q

Describe the appearance of thrush?

A

creamy white plaques, REMOVABLE!, burning sensation, and a foul taste.

Most common on the buccal mucosa and tongue

TX: anti fungal medication

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21
Q

Describe median rhomboid glossisitis?

A
  • Also called papillary atrophy
  • form of ERYTHEMATOUS candidiasis.
  • red well demarcated zone in the midline posterior dorsal tongue.
  • usually asymptomatic and chronic
  • TX= anti fungal medication
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22
Q

Angular chelitis?

A
  • candida infection involving the corners of the mouth
  • more common in adults with reduced VDO?
  • TX= anti fungal medication
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23
Q

Denture stomatitis?

A

form of ERYTHEMATOUS candidiasis found in denture/RPD patients.
-Antifungal medication

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24
Q

Herpetic gingiostomatitis?

A
  • most common form of acute primary HSV infection

- most common in kids from 6 months to 5 years old

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25
Describe symptoms of herpetic gingivostomatitis?
Abrupt onset with cervical lymphadenopathy, chills, fever, sore mouth lesions. -oral lesson usually develop into pinhead vesicles and collapse into red lesions with ulceration. VERY contagious and can lead to blindness. **TX= acetaminophen plus fluids and antiviral medication
26
what age group do we often see herpetic gignivodtomatitis?
most common in kids up to 5 years old! This is often the presentation of the "first" herpetic presentation!
27
Most common form of acute primary HSV infection?
herpetic gingivostomatitis
28
Describe symptoms of herpes/recurrent herpes?
- pain, itching, burning, warmth, or erythema about 6-24 hours prior - most commonly on vermillion border. - multiple small erythematous paulares that form into clusters of fluid filled vesicles. - tx = antivirals.
29
Describe Epstein Barr?
- member of the herpes group that causes MONO think MONO BONO for B cells! - viral infects B CELLS and some epithelial cells. - Associated with oral hairy leukoplakia, Burkitt's lymphoma, and nasopharyngeal carcinoma
30
what virus is associated with Burkitt's lymphoma?
Epstein barre virus!
31
What is recurrent apthous stomatitis often associated with?
professional students. Stress? -B12/folate deficiencies, Chron's -Major are >1 com Minor
32
Describe erythema multiform?
- vesiculobullous disease of varied involvement. - more common in young men - Unknown cause- but immune system involvement. - Precip factors = infection (HSV), emotional stress, drug allergy. - **Steven Johnson syndrome often confused with this... - NEEDS steroid therapy to treat
33
Describe pemphigus vulgaris?
- Autoimmune disorder that leads to the forming of blisters - blistering disorder of the skin caused by antibodies binding to the cells of the epidermis. - more common in 30-50 year olds of jewish decent. - severe oral vesicles and ulcerations. * *chemo or high dose steroids is the fix
34
Describe Lichen Planus?
-Autoimmune disorder -common inflammatory disease of the buccal mucosa or skin -More common in women -"Wickham's striae" = lace like lines, often bilateral, usually asymptomatic but can have burning associated with. -biopsy at the initial presentation, then go to steroid treatment or no treatment. DOESN'T GO AWAY. **not contagious
35
Describe squamous papilloma?
- HPV 6/11 - Papillary mass that results from benign proliferation of SSE - tongue and lips - pedunculated nodule with cauliflower appearance. - TX = conservative surgical excision. Recurrence is unlikely.
36
Is recurrence likely if you excise squamous papilloma?
rare
37
focal epithelial hyperplasia?
- Caused by HPV - more common in Kids - mutliple, soft, non tender flattened papule in clusters, same color as oral mucosa - Spontaneous regression may occur - Conservative excision may be performed - no known malignant potential
38
Leukoplakia?
- white plaque or patch that cannot be diagnosed as any other disease. Could be from tobacco? - more common with age - 5 majro types- thin, thick, granular, verrucform, and proliferative verrucuous. - pre cancerous - 70% on lip vermillion, buccal mucosa, or gingiva TX- monitor for 2 weeks and/or biopsy and or surgical excision depending on diagnosis.
39
T/F | Leukoplakia is considered to be pre malignant?
true
40
what is the worst type of leukoplakia?
proliferate verrucous leukplakia- usually progress to SCC within 8 years. More females.
41
erythroplakia
- red plaque that cannot be diagnosed as any other condition - more common in older age - may occur in conjunction with leukoplakia - most common on the mouth floor, tongue, and soft palate. - TX? monitor for 2 weeks and or biopsy depending on the diagnosis
42
Most common oral cancer?
SCC
43
Is SCC more common in males or females?
males
44
describe SCC?
- Varied clinical appearance. Soft tissue mass, papillary character, ulcerated, white/red patch, loose teeth. - Early lesion is not painful, but may become more severe with progression. - Moth eaten bone - most common on the TONGUE, oral floor.
45
how do you treat SCC on the lip vermillion?
surgical excision- has a good prognosis
46
how do you treat SCC in the mouth?
surgical excision, radiation, or both. some can involve metastasis.
47
What causes a mucocele?
- rupture of salivary gland duct with mucin spilling into the surrounding tissue. - Often the result of trauma - young duels common - **not a true cyst because it lacks epithelial lining
48
Describe clinical appearance of a mucocele?
- dome shaped swelling, often BLUISH with translucency - Most common on the lower lip * Many heal and rupture spontaneously. * if chronic may need surgical excision and sent for histology to rule out SALIVARY GLAND TUMOR
49
Ranula
mucoceles on the floor of the mouth. * *marcupulization or removal of the feeding sublingual gland if it's large. * *frog belly!
50
Salivary Duct Cyst
- Unlike mucocele- this is a true cyst. - more common in adults - Dome shaped, also bluish. - Asymptomatic swelling. - arise in the major parotid or minor (floor of mouth) glands - if it's on the floor, it will look blue Conservative excision or partial removal of gland for major cysts **difference between this and mucocele is the epithelial lining
51
Siaolithiasis
- calcified structures that develop within the salivary duct system. - cause is unclear. - **most often develop in submandibular gland ducts - **occlusal radiograph is useful to find "Warton's duct"
52
siladentitis
inflammation of salivary glands- from infection? - often in the parotid duct - TX - may be abx, surgical drainage, surgical removal.
53
What is the MOST COMMON SALIVARY GLAND TUMOR?
pleomorphic adenoma | **most commonly in the parotid gland!*
54
pleomorphic adenoma-
- unusual hisotpathologic appearance - benign, SLOW growing lesions, firm mass - TX= surgical excision- 95% cure rate. DON'T ENUCULATE - risk of malignant transformations 5%...
55
Most common salivary gland malignancy?
Mucoepidermoid carcinoma
56
mucoepidermoid carcinoma
- rarely seen in 1st dead of life, but still most common malignant salivary gland tumor in kids - PAROTID gland commonly - Appears asymptomatic swelling, may develop facial nerve palsy as the lesion progresses. - may resemble mucocele if it's in a minor gland. - may exist as an INTRA OSSEOUS lesion! **intraosseous lesions need surgical removal and radiation.
57
Warthin's tumor?
- parotid gland - 50s - males - benging slow growing mass
58
Most common tumor of the oral cavity?
fibroma/irritation fibroma
59
Giant Cell Fibroma
- True tumor, NOT associated with irritation - asymptomatic nodule- appears papillary - TX= surgical excision and submit for histological exam
60
Epulis Fissuratum
associated with ill fit of dentures
61
Inflammatory papillary hyperplasia?
reactive tissue grown beneath denture typically | hard palate
62
Pyogenic granuloma?
- Common non neoplastic growth thought to be due to irritation - NOT A TRUE GRANULOMA - More common in kids and young adults, females during pregnancy - usually pedunculate, surface ulcerated, usually painless but often bleeds - 75% on the gingiva - surgical excision and submit for histology. If pregnant, defer.
63
peripheral giant cell granuloma
- reactive lesion to irritation or trauma. - gingiva or the edentulous alveolar ridge. usually smaller than 2 cm - nodule- more bluish purple than pyogenic granuloma - **difficult to determine if this is perisperhal or central- work up hyperparathyroid. - surgical excision and histology **NOTE- is central giant cell granuloma of jaw...
64
Peripheral ossifying fibroma
- relatively common tumor gingival growth - teens and young adults - 2/3 females - surgical excision
65
Lipoma
- benign tumor of adipose tissue | - smooth, soft, and yellow
66
most common type of peripheral nerve neoplasm?
neurofibroma
67
neurofribroma
- comes from a mix of cell types including schwann and perinueral fibroblasts - slow growing, painless lesion - tongue and buccal mucosa. submit for excision and evaluate for possible neurofibromatosis.
68
T/F the majority of salivary gland tumors are minor?
flase- 90% affect the major glands.
69
Describe the clinical appearance of pleomorphic adenoma?
pink to purple, dome-shaped mutlinodular lesion
70
Common age group for adenoid cystic carcinoma?
over age 50
71
common age for mucoepidermoid carcinoma?
20-50
72
Where do malignant accessory salivary gland neoplasms typically occur?
poster palate. - they typically occur lateral to the midline.
73
Describe distinctive clinical features of mucoepidermoid carcinoma?
-bluish ppearane or a mucous exudate emanating from the ulcerated tumor surface, and pools of necrotic fluid within the tumor visible radiographically
74
what duct is associated with the submandibular gland?
wharton
75
what happens if you get obstruction of salivary flow from a sialolith?
you will end up with a swelling that contains a firm to hard nodule. During mealtimes this well swell!
76
most common site of SCC?
lateral border of the VENTRAL SURFACE OF THE TONGUE | follow by the oropharynx, floor of the mouth, gingiva, buccal mucosa, lip, and palate.
77
what disease are neurofibromasa found with?
vonrecklinghausen
78
what is the Waldeyer ring?
ring of adenoid tissue formed by the tonsillar tissue on the posterior tongue- lingual tonsils, pharynx (pharyngeal tonsils) and faces (tonsillar pillars)
79
this lesion has a "sunburst" effect?
osteogenic sarcoma
80
extra nodal lymphoma is dtypicalLY?
NON hodgekin
81
Where does the base of the tongue drain into?
the jugolodigastric space
82
what is so dangerous about the parapharyngeal spaces?
Immediate hospitalziation. They can go to the brain or the heart

Oral Pathology (1 decks)

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