oral motor exam

Question 1

5 things to look for in OME

Answer 1

reflexes
lips
tongue
jaw
hard palate

Question 2

reflexes

Answer 2

function: rooting, sucking, gag, tongue thrust, transverse tongue, phasic bite

Question 3

lips

Answer 3

structure: symmetry- at rest and during speech/feeding; abnormal appearance
function: protrusion, retraction, seal upon closure (on straw, puff cheeks), flare on bottle, disassociation from jaw, closure during chewing and swallowing

Question 4

tongue

Answer 4

structure: symmetry and appearance, abnormalities, resting tone
function: cupping around nipple, lateralization (bolus and w/ stim),
extraoral: elevation, depression, lateralize left to right, rapid lateralization
intraoral: tip up (alveolar ridge), lateralize right to left cheek, run along hard palate

** if unable to move tongue on cue –> apraxia??

Question 5

jaw

Answer 5

structure: size (micro/macrognathia); position (retro/prognathic)
function: infants: opening during sucking (too shallow/wide); mastication pattern (munching, rotary, etc.), symmetrical movements, strength during chewing, stability (jaw grading), range of motion during speech, abnormal movements

see if aligned properly w/ face; xray- can see if molar align; look @ jaw grading at ant. bite of bolus; chew pattern

Question 6

hard palate

Answer 6

structure: intact (or cleft palate?); contour (WNL, vaulted, narrow, flattened

Question 7

types of cleft lips

Answer 7

complete vs incomplete

bilateral vs unilateral

Question 8

types of dental alignment

Answer 8

A: normal
B: Class I: overcrowding; small mouth –> overlap of teeth; does not cause feeding probs
C: Class II: overbite; probs w/ feeding- creating seal/pressure; speech: bilabials
D: Class III: underbite: bad for feeding: crushing, shearing, tearing probs bc back molars are not aligned