Oral Liquid Dosage Forms Flashcards
What is the equation for weak acid for pH of precipitation pHppt
PH = pKa + log (S-S0 / S0)
What is the equation for a weak base of pHppt?
pH = pKa + log (s0 / S-S0)
What are the examples of things that allow you to know what the weak acid is?
Na, Ca, K
What are the things that will tell you its a base for pHppt?
SO4- (sulfate) , Cl, tartrate, citrate and maleate
What is the equation for finding the buffer system for weak acid?
PH = pKa + log(salt / weak acid)
What is the equation to find buffer system for a weak base?
PH = pKa + log (weak base / salt)
What does it mean to salt out?
It’s going to be adding salt to so that you decrease the solubility
Usually effects whatever has the least solubility to remove it
what does it mean to salt in?
You are adding a salt to a solution (globulins) in order to increase the solubility
What is a complexation?
Has to do with a solution and its when you add something and it forms weak bonds with what is in there and you can increase the solubility of the compound
What are Cosolvents and their examples?
Water-miscible solvent added to improve ability of a solute
EX:
Ethanol “elixirs” , “tinctures” , “spirits”
Glycerin
Propylene glycol or polyethylene glycol (PEG)
Wat are preservatives and some examples of them?
Added to increase the life of the product
EX;
Benzoyl alcohol, phenols
Benzoic Acid, sodium benzoate and sorbet acid
Parabens (methylPARAEN, ethylPARABEN, propylPARABEN)
Benzalkonium cholride
What are the organoleptic modifiers?
Added in order to improve sensory perceptions such as smell taste appearance etc..
What are sweeteners?
These are organoloeptic modifiers to improve taste
Sucrose, aspartame, saccharin, sorbitol, corn syrup
What are flavorants?
They are added to increase flavor
Salty
Sweet
Bitter
Sour
What are colorants?
Added to give it color (bubble gum flavor should look pink)
Synthetic dyes
Natural color: ferric oxide, titanium oxide, carbon black
