Oral Language Flashcards
What is the study of sounds?
phonology
The smallest part of spoken language that makes a difference in meaning
Phonemes
What does “phon” mean
sound
Ability to manipulate sounds and sound chunks
Phonological Awareness
What two concepts are critical to reading and language success?
Phonological and Phonemic Awareness
Ability to hear and manipulate individual sounds
Phonemic Awareness
The order of Phonological Awareness
- hear chunks of sounds
- Take apart words with onset and word families (rimes)
- hear individual sounds, play and manipulate them
Eight Phonemic Awareness Activities
Isolation, Identity, Categorization,Blending, Segmentation,Deletion, Addition,Substitution
Knowledge and Skills needed for Listening TEKS (Oral Language)
- Determine reasons for listening
- Listen critically to interpret and evaluate
- Listen responsively to stories and texts
Identify musical elements of language - Listen and speak to share and experience culture
- Learn and use new vocabulary
- Listen to enjoy spoken language
Knowledge and Skills needed for Speaking (Oral Langue Teks)
- Respond appropriately and courteously
- Participate in rhymes, songs, conversations, and discussions
- Infer meaning using visuals and actions
- Adapt spoken language to audience and setting
- Gain increasing control of grammar when speaking.
Four types of interrelated vocabulary in order
Listening, speaking, reading, and writing.
What is the process of “picking up” or acquiring a new language
Language Acquisition
Written letters that represent a spoken sound
Graphemes
The understanding that there is a predictable relationship between phonemes and graphemes. Letters and sounds coming together
Phonics
Developmental Order of Phonological Awareness
I. Sound Chunks Words in a sentence Syllable 2. Onsets and Rimes Dividing words into onsets and rimes Creating rhymes using onsets and rimes 3. Phonemes Isolation, Identity, Blending and segmenting, and Addition and Deletion Substitution
students hear individual sounds in words (pa activity)
Isolation
Students hear and identify the same sound in different words (pa activity) ie. What sound is the same in music, mom, and mop?
Identity
Students Identify which words are different in a list of words, based on sounds. ie ball, jar, bat. which one is not the same, jar - it doesn’t begin with sound /j/
Categorization
Students put sounds together to make a word
Blending
Students breaks words into their individual sounds and/or count the number of sounds in a word.
Segmentation
Students remove a sound from a word and identify what remains. What is the word slap without /s/
Deletion
Students create a new word by adding a sound ie when you add the /s/ sound to the word top, what word do you get?
Addition
Students change one sound in a word to a different sound and identify the new word. ie I am thinking of a word that starts with /s/ but sounds like land, what is my word.
Substitution.
In phonemic awareness activities what should you master in order, regarding sound placement first, before moving on to the next?
first, last, middle
What is the Alphabetic Principle
- Ability to associate sounds with letters and to use these sounds to form words
- understanding that words in spoken language are represented by letters in print.
- Sounds in words have a predictable relationship with the letters that represent these sounds
The understanding that a sequence of written letters represents a sequence of spoken sounds
Graphophonemic Awareness
Using graphophonemic awareness to figure out, sound new words, convert the code.
decoding
students ability to apply graphophonemic awareness and decode written words
Letter-sound knowledge
graphemes
Written letters that represent a spoken sound.
How many graphemes does the English language have
26
How many phonemes does the English language have
44
A sound made when two or more letters join together to make a new sound, ie: ch,sh, th, and wh
Digraphs
A sound made when two vowels slide together, ie oi, oy , ou,
Diphthongs
Marks such as the cedilla beneath he c or the tilde above the n in Spanish or French, marks which tell the reader how the sound or word is pronounced
Diacritic Marks
The ability to recognize the printed letters of the alphabet based on each letter’s unique shape
Alphabetic Recognition
Developmental Phases of Alphabetical Skills
- Pre-Alphabetic Phase
- Partial Alphabetic Phase
- Full Alphabetic Phase
- Consolidated Alphabetic phase
Environmental signage leads to awareness of environmental print : ie, kids recognize favorite places by recognizing logo’s instead of the letters of the place.
Pre- Alphabetic Phase
Learners begin to connect the shape of letters with sounds, such as the first letter of their friends names.
Partial Alphabetic Phase
Learners begin to connect letters with sounds, and using this connection between their oral vocabulary to determine the meaning of written words.
Full Alphabetic Stage
Learners begin to understand that they can use parts of words they know to help them decode new words. They begin to make new words using onsets and rimes, word families, and letter chunks (such as ‘tion’).
Consolidated Alphabetic Stage
