Oral hygiene instruction/BPE Flashcards
What is the etiological agent of all periodontal diseases
plaque
Define plaque induced gingivitis
inflammatory response of the gingival tissues resulting from bacterial plaque accumulation located at/below the gingival margin
Define periodontitis
inflammatory disease initiated by bacteria which in susceptible people causes severe inflammation and loss of bone around the teeth
What are the clinical signs of gingivitis
bleeding on probing
high plaque scores
high bleeding scores
gingival swelling and redness
What are the clinical signs of periodontitis
bleeding on probing
radiographic bone loss
gingival recession
probing depths of more than or equal to 4mm (clinical attachment loss)
What does the patient notice if they have gingivitis
blood in saliva
bleeding with toothbrushing and interdental cleaning
halitosis
What does the patient notice if they have periodontitis
blood in saliva bleeding with toothbrushing and interdental cleaning halitosis black triangles tooth movement
Why is there bone loss
there is bacteria on the teeth
the white blood cells want to get away from this bacteria but they can’t
so the way it responds is to move away by resorbing bone and with bone loss comes soft tissue loss
What is one difference between periodontitis and gingivitis in terms of inflammation
gingivitis is reversible inflammation of the gingival tissues
periodontitis is inflammation of the supporting structures of the teeth
Why does periodontitis have variable aggression
some patients are more susceptible to others
What systemic diseases can periodontitis be modified by
diabetes
How can diabetes modify periodontal disease
diabetes increases inflammation in the periodontal tissues
hyperglycemia can also result in the activation of pathways that increase inflammation
Why should we take a dental history
to identify the oral hygiene regime the patient uses
get an idea of motivation
What sort of questions should you ask your patient
how often do you brush your teeth?
do you use a manual or powered toothbrush?
what toothpaste do you use?
do you clean in between your teeth with floss or interdental brushes?
do you use any mouth rinse?
do you attend the dentist regularly?
do you have your teeth cleaned by the dentist/hygienist?
What is a BPE
it is a screening tool for periodontal disease
it indicates what further assessment and periodontal treatment the patient requires
What is the mouth divided into for a BPE
sextants
What is the name of the probe used for a BPE
WHO CPITN
What are the two markings on a WHO CPITN probe
3.5 - 5.5
What does the ball at the end of the WHO CPITN probe do
catches plaque
How should the examination be conducted
probe is walked around the gingival margins of the teeth, gentle pressure
How much pressure is meant to be put on the probe during the examination
25g
What is the probing depth for a BPE score of 0
black band completely visible
What is the probing depth for a BPE score of 1
black band completely visible
What is the probing depth for a BPE score of 2
black band completely visible
