oral healthcare issues

Question 1

1. At what age do children start to get teeth?

Answer 1

6 months incisors first

age 3-> 20 teeth

Question 2

2. What causes dental cavities?

Answer 2

continued cariogenic environment

Question 3

3. Till what age do kids need help brushing their teeth?

Answer 3

6 yrs old, brush twice a day, water flouride

Question 4

4. Name one cancer-prone area of the mouth.

Answer 4

tongue- associated to alcohol and tobacco intake. lateral tongue floor of mouth inside of lips

Question 5

5. What very common medication side-effect adversely affects oral health?

Answer 5

steroids
antihistamines
diuretics 
antiHTN
anticholinergics
antidepressants

all decrease salivary flow, lose saliva buffering

phenytoin-> gingival hyperplasia
bisphosphonates-osteonecrosis
chemo radiation- stomatitis and mucositis
steroids- candidiasis
preogesterone nitrates Beta and Ca2+ blockers all cause dental erosions due to reflux
sugar containing meds cause caries

Question 6

6. What is the periodontal ligament?

Answer 6

binds teeth to alveolar bone. u lose this ligament ur teeth fall out

Question 7

7. What oral condition can worsen a diabetic’s sugar control?

Answer 7

peridonatal infection

DM patients need good oral hygiene

Question 8

8. Should dental treatment be avoided during pregnancy?

Answer 8

Tx is safe during pregnancy, but doesnt alter preterm birth or low birth weight

Question 9

Child and adult oral anatomy.

Answer 9

adults have 32 teeth= 8 incisors 4 canaines 8 premolars 12 molars

Question 10

Understand how oral and systemic health are inter-related

Answer 10

diabetics with periodontal disease makes treating the diabetes way harder and vise versa
pregnant women with periodontal disease have more adverse effects on their pregnancy
obesity and CAD

Question 11

Caries

Answer 11

precavity process of sugar being broken down by bacteria that creates acids, there is a 40 minute window after eating that is the biggest problem.

How often sugar is injested is more important that how much sugar is injested in one sitting

white spots are first sign of caries

Question 12

Periodontal disease

Answer 12

chronic plaque at gum line, bacterial infection, host inflammatory response
3 types- gingivitis- reversible
chronic periodontitis
aggressive periodontitis- abseses

Question 13

Obesity

Answer 13

fat tissue releases TNF alpha and IL6 which potentiate inflammation, including peridontal disease
TNF alpha also causes insulin resistance
The relationship between obesity and oral disease is therefore complex and includes DM

Question 14

Coronary Heart Disease

Answer 14

inflammatory cytokines are implicated in both processes

smoking associated with both

Question 15

Adverse Pregnancy Outcome

Answer 15

preterm birth and low birth weight

preeclmapsia

Question 16

Cognitive and Behavioral

Answer 16

problems with self care, bad diets, chronic disease burden, lack of understanding

Question 17

kids who have poor performance in school

Answer 17

are in constant pain from teeth issues

early caries- infectious vertically transmitted

• bacteria break down sugars into acids that eat away at tooth enamel.
• childrens oral flora similar to primary care giver