Oral Health Disparities Flashcards
1.1 Oral Health Disparities - Definition
Oral Health Disparities – Definition
“Systematic differences in__ ___ that occur among___ groups”
“Differences in health between ____ defined groups assumed to be ____”
A central goal of ___ ___ ___
____ setting
Oral Health Disparities – Definition
“Systematic differences in health status that occur among population groups”
“Differences in health between socially defined groups assumed to be correctable”
A central goal of population health policy
Priority setting
What are the reasons for these differences?
___ ___
___
____ variation attributable to a particular ___
If can be corrected, there is an opportunity for____
What are the reasons for these differences?
Random variation
Chance
Systematic variation attributable to a particular cause
If can be corrected, there is an opportunity for ACTION!!!
1.2. The Facts
The Facts
__ ___ Americans lack dental health___
___ ___ Americans living in rural or poor areas with limited number of ___ ___
Tooth decay is the most common ___ ___
Medical insurance is a strong predictor of ___ to ___
For every adult without health insurance, approximately ___ do not have dental insurance
The Facts
100 million Americans lack dental health insurance
49 million Americans living in rural or poor areas with limited number of dental providers
Tooth decay is the most common childhood disease
Medical insurance is a strong predictor of access to care
For every adult without health insurance, approximately three do not have dental insurance
1.3. Barriers to Oral Health Care
Barriers to Oral Health Care
- ____
- ____
- ____
- ____
- _____
6___ : when doing pedo, it’s a problem to find patients bc of time. They are in school. Parent has to miss work. If you have more than one child you want to bring them together back to back
Barriers to Oral Health Care
- Financial
- Language Barrier
- Geographical Location
- Education
- Ratio of providers/population
- Time: when doing pedo, it’s a problem to find patients bc of time. They are in school. Parent has to miss work. If you have more than one child you want to bring them together back to back
- How do we identify problems and oral health disparities?
____
___ ____
___ ____ of ____
•Surveys
•
•Epidemiological data
•
•Identifying patterns of diseases
Disparities in Houston, TX
Disparities in Houston, TX
___ of ___ 2010
___ ___ survey under planning
____ survey
Provide health information about Houston
Disparities in Houston, TX
Disparities in Houston, TX
Health of Houston 2010
Follow-up survey under planning
Household survey
Provide health information about Houston
Oral Health in Texas
Oral Health in Texas
Compared to the national average:
Texas had ____ proportions of children with teeth in ___ or ___ ___ condition
Texas had ___ prevalence of ___ experience, including ___ decay, among six-to-eight-year-old children
No difference was noted at the ____ socio-economic status level
Take out low income and compare to US
Oral Health in Texas
Compared to the national average:
Texas had lower proportions of children with teeth in excellent or very good condition
Texas had higher prevalence of caries experience, including untreated decay, among six-to-eight-year-old children
No difference was noted at the highest socio-economic status level
Take out low income and compare to US
Health Professional Shortage Areas (HPSAs)
Health Professional Shortage Areas (HPSAs)
___ number of specific health___ to serve the ___ in the county
Definition:
Inadequate number of specific
health providers to serve the population in the county
Applying for HPSA
Applying for HPSA
____ Service Area
____ count
Health Services ___ count
Applying for HPSA
Rational Service Area
Population count
Health Services Provider count
US Healthy People 2010 and 2020
US Healthy People 2010 and 2020
Main objectives (2010):
- Improving ___ of ___ for all Americans
- As well as reducing ___ ___
Additional objectives (2020):
- Increase the proportion of adults who received ____ from a dentist or dental hygienist focusing on reducing ____ usage or smoking cessation.
- Increase the proportion of patients that receive oral health services at ___ ____ Health Centers each year.
US Healthy People 2010 and 2020
Main objectives (2010):
- Improving quality of life for all Americans
- As well as reducing health disparities.
Additional objectives (2020):
- Increase the proportion of adults who received information from a dentist or dental hygienist focusing on reducing tobacco usage or smoking cessation.
- Increase the proportion of patients that receive oral health services at Federally Qualified Health Centers each year.
Healthy People 2020
Healthy People 2020
Increase awareness of the___ of___ health to ___ health and well-being (example).
Increase ____ and adoption of effective ___ ___ (examples).
Reduce____s in access to effective preventive and dental treatment services.
•Increase awareness of the importance of oral health to overall health and well-being (example).
•
•Increase acceptance and adoption of effective preventive interventions (examples).
•
•Reduce disparities in access to effective preventive and dental treatment services.
•
3.1. Reserch
National Institute of Dental and Craniofacial Research (NIDCR)
•Better oral health—>better ___ ___
•
•Interventions to address oral health inequalities must address the context of___ ___
•
•Think global health!
•
•Partnership with research institutions, universities, private and public organizations, professional associations, foundations
•Better oral health—>better life expectancy
•
•Interventions to address oral health inequalities must address the context of emerging diseases
•
•Think global health!
•
•Partnership with research institutions, universities, private and public organizations, professional associations, foundations
NIDCR Strategic Plan 2009-2013
NIDCR Strategic Plan 2009-2013
National Institute of Dental and Craniofacial Research
National Institutes of Health (NIH)
GOAL FOUR: Apply rigorous, multidisciplinary research approaches to ___ ____ in oral, dental and craniofacial health.
Goal FOUR works based on 4 objectives: ____ of the ___ ; support___ ; provide ___ to target audience and ___ the oral health status
NIDCR Strategic Plan 2009-2013
National Institute of Dental and Craniofacial Research
National Institutes of Health (NIH)
GOAL FOUR: Apply rigorous, multidisciplinary research approaches to eliminate disparities in oral, dental and craniofacial health.
Goal FOUR works based on 4 objectives: identification of the problem; support research; provide information to target audience and monitor the oral health status
3.2. Partnerships
Partnerships
___ ___ ___ ___ ____ (NCOHF)
America’s ___ ___
____ materials
____ affiliate network
___ ___ ___ ___ (CIS):
__ ___ prevention program
provide ___ services to at-risk students
connect students with available ___ ___
Partnerships
National Children’s Oral Health Foundation (NCOHF)
America’s ToothFairy
Educational materials
National affiliate network
Community In Schools District (CIS):
drop-out prevention program
provide social services to at-risk students
connect students with available community resources
Community In Schools District (CIS):
•Partners with UTSD for:
1.___ ____
- Dental ___ (dental van)
- ___ and basic ___ procedures (dental van)
- Services provided by ___ ___ and dental hygienists under supervision
- Extensive restorative services provided by ____ ___ ___s (category ___ patients)-
- ___ ___ ___
- Assist in the____ of elementary schools to received oral health education messages
- In 2014 approximately ___ elementary school students will receive oral health education during the Fall semester
•
•Partners with UTSD for:
•
•
1.Pediatric services
-Dental screening (dental van)
-Preventive and basic restorative procedures (dental van)
-Services provided by dental student and dental hygienists under supervision
-Extensive restorative services provided by pediatric dentist residents (category III patients)-
Partners with UTSD for:
- Elementary School Rotations
- Assist in the selection of elementary schools to received oral health education messages
- In 2014 approximately 500 elementary school students will receive oral health education during the Fall semester
•
Disparity
Disparity
Condition or fact of being ____
“Research on ___ ____”
Looking into social inequities and that has a tremendous impact on ____
Disparity
Condition or fact of being unequal
“Research on social inequities”
Looking into social inequities and that has a tremendous impact on health
Why it is so difficult?
Why it is so difficult?
U.S. population is ___ and socially___
No easy, _____ __ ___ ___ solutions
Approaches need to be tailored and targeted to ___, ___ and socio-environmental-level factors to have a ___ impact
Why it is so difficult?
U.S. population is diverse and socially dynamic
No easy, one-size-fits-all solutions
Approaches need to be tailored and targeted to individual, community and socio-environmental-level factors to have a positive impact
“Social System”
•Social ___
•
____ resources
•
____ systems
•
___ institutions
•
____ unit
•Social services
•
•Healthcare resources
•
•Educational systems
•
•Religious institutions
•
•Family unit
“Sustainability”
•“Can I sustain this community resource when the research is completed?”
Question:At what stage of the life course would a public health practitioner seek to intervene to prevent the greatest amount of illness?
Conclusions
Conclusions
The impact of oral disease ____ affected ___ groups
Complex reality
Focus on ___ and not only ___
____ model of care delivery
Better quality of life and quality of oral health can be achieved through ___
•
•The impact of oral disease disproportionately affected disadvantaged groups
•
•Complex reality
•
•
•Focus on life and not only disease
•
•
•Integrated model of care delivery
•
•
•Better quality of life and quality of oral health can be achieved through prevention
•
