Oral Health Flashcards
What is the oral health delivery framework?
Ask about oral health risk factors/sx of oral disease
Look for signs of risk or active oral disease
Decide on most appropriate response
Act offer prevention & referral
Document
Why do women have a greater likelihood of bacteria entering the bloodstream and triggering inflammation?
Unique hormonal changes causing an increased blood flow to gums they experience during: puberty menstruation pregnancy menopause
Poor oral health is associated with
pregnancy complications CV Uncontrolled DM respiratory infx dementia RA osteoporosis
Is there an association between dental care & pregnancy loss?
No; however, many dentists will decline care to pregnant people
Approximately 40% of pregnant women have periodontal disease. Evidence has shown an association between periodontal disease and:
- miscarriage
- premature birth
- pre-eclampsia
- low birth weight
- C-reactive protein has been found to be up to 65% higher in pregnant women with periodontal disease
What are the two main types of periodontal disease?
Gingivitis
The early stage of periodontal disease when the gums become swollen and red due to inflammation.
Periodontitis
The most serious form of periodontal disease - gums pull away from the tooth and supporting gum tissues are destroyed.
Normal plaque in beginning – in second trimester, changes to an anaerobic bacteria, increased periodontal inflammation and potential loss of tooth!
What is the pathway linking oral health problems and conditions such as diabetes, coronary artery disease, and adverse pregnancy outcomes?
Inflammation
How does inflammation indirectly affect PTL?
PTB photo
Education for patient with vomiting, HG, or GERD:
- Rinse with water or bicarbonate to reduce acid in mouth immediately after vomiting.
- Avoid brushing vigorously..
What is this?
Insert photo or oral tumor granuloma
Pregnancy Oral Tumor Granuloma
- Lesion caused by increased progesterone
- Appears between 2nd-8th month of pregnancy
- Occurs in 5% of pregnant women
- Bleeds easily when touched
- Offer reassurance
- Observe unless bleeding excessively – refer to dentist for excision
- Can occur on gum, side of cheek, tongue, lip
- Can subside after hormone levels decrease
- Can be removed
Which of the following is a true statement?
A. Mothers with caries pass their genetic predisposition for caries on to their babies.
B. Mothers with caries pass caries-causing bacteria to their babies in utero.
C. Mothers with caries pass caries-causing bacteria to their infants early in life via saliva transmission.
D. All of the above
C. Mothers with caries pass caries-causing bacteria to their infants early in life via saliva transmission.
Dental care while pregnant decreases bacterial load
A pregnant patient asks you for guidance about having dental treatment during her pregnancy. What would you say?
A. Dental treatment should only be performed during the second and third trimesters.
B. Dental treatment should only be performed during the third trimester because organogenesis is complete.
C. Dental treatment should only be performed during the second trimester for comfort and safety reasons.
D. Dental treatment can be performed during any trimester.
D. Dental treatment can be performed during any trimester.
Most comfortable time? Second trimester
First: higher risk of morning sickness
Third: may be more uncomfortable laying flat for procedure
What guidance should you give a pregnant patient about having dental X-rays during her pregnancy?
A. Dental x-rays should be avoided during pregnancy.
B. Dental x-rays should be limited to only one film per pregnancy.
C. Dental x-rays should be taken as necessary to reach a full diagnosis.
D. Dental treatment can be performed during any trimester.
D. Dental treatment can be performed during any trimester.
Only as necessary, but can be performed with lead coverings
General Safety of Dental Treatment in Pregnancy
Dental treatment is ideal during the second trimester of pregnancy.
Evidence shows that dental care, including X-rays, local anesthesia, and oral pain medication, is SAFE throughout pregnancy.
Dental care during pregnancy is often delayed because of fear.
If a pregnant woman has not seen a dentist in the last 6 months, she should be referred.
Treatment tips for each trimester
pic of treatment tips
