Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Dosage Forms > Oral Dosage Forms > Flashcards

Oral Dosage Forms Flashcards

1
Q

What are the different types of tablets?

A
  • Immediate release
  • Extended release
  • Modified release
  • ODT
  • Sublingual (including buccal tabs, film)
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

What are the different types of capsules?

A

Caplets included

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

What are examples of liquid dosage forms?

A
  • Solutions
  • Suspensions
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

What are tablets?

A

a hard, compressed medication in round, oval or
square shape.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

What are effervescent tablets?

A

These tablets are uncoated and generally contain acid substances (citric, tartaric acid) and carbonates or bicarbonates which react rapidly in the presence of water, releasing carbon
dioxide. These are designed to be dissolved in water before use.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

What are chewable tablets?

A

Designed for administration to children, e.g., vitamins are chewed before swallowing.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

What are buccal/sublingual tablets?

A

Tablets that are administered by placing then under the tongue or between the gum and cheek. Designed to dissolve rapidly and are absorbed through mucus membranes directly into the blood stream.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

What are capsules?

A

This medication is in a gelatin container.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

What is the difference between a hard-shelled capsule and a soft-shelled capsules?

A
  • Hard-shelled: Capsules are normally used for dry, powdered ingredients.
  • Soft-shelled: Capsules primarily used for oils and for active ingredients that are dissolved or suspended in oil.
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

What are the advantages of soft capsules?

A
  • The drug can be a liquid form
  • The liquid fill is metered into individual capsules thus a high degree of precision in dose is achieved.
  • A higher degree of homogeneity is possible
  • Because the drug is dissolved it is rapidly released
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

What are the disadvantages for soft capsules?

A
  • Some drugs may migrate to the shell
  • Some drugs can degrade in the liquid state.
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

What the different liquid dosage forms?

A
  • Oral solutions: Clear liquid preparations contatining API in a suitable vehicle
  • Oral emulsions: stabilized oil-in-water dispersions, either or both phases may contain dissolved solids.
  • Oral suspensions: contain one or more API suspended in a suitable solvents. Suspensions may show sediment over time which can be re-suspended upon shaking to give the uniform suspension.
  • Syrup: concentrated aqueous solution of sucrose designed to mask taste.
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

What are the advantages of oral dosage forms?

A
  • Convenient (storage, portability, pre-measured dose)
  • Economical
  • Non-invasive, often safer route
  • Requires no special training
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

What are disadvantages of oral dosage forms?

A
  • Drug delivery is often incomplete
  • Many drugs can be degraded in GI environment
  • Exposes drugs to first-pass gut-wall and hepatic metabolism
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

How do oral dosage forms work?

A
  1. Disintegration
  2. Dissolution
  3. Absorption in the portal vein
  4. Hepatic First pass metabolism
  5. Small fraction of dose is bioavailable and enters systemic ciculation.
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

What is the Noyes-Whitney equation?

A

dM/dt = A(D(Cs-Ct)/h

17
Q

Where in the GI tract does most absorption occur?

A

Small intestine

18
Q

What is bioavailability?

A
  • The bioavailanility is a relative fraction of the orally administered dose that is absorbed into the systemic circulation.

When a medication is administerd via IV, the bioavailability is 100%.

19
Q

How is bioavailability reduced in oral administration?

A
  • Incomplete dissolution
  • Chemical degradation of the drug in the GI tract
  • Enzymatic degradation of the drug in the GI tract
  • First-pass gut wall metabolism.
  • First-pass hepatic metabolism.
20
Q

What is first-pass effect?

A
  • The loss by degration or GI or hepatic metabolism.
  • The result is significant reduction in the amount of unmetabolized drug before it enters the systemic cirulation.
21
Q

What does grape fruit juice do to simvastatin?

A

Grapefruit juice inhibits the first-pass effect of drug in intestine and liver.

Dosage Forms (2 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions