Oral Cavity & Sinuses (Robinson) Flashcards
virus affecting the oral cavity and lips that produces cold sores, lives in a dormant state in the nerves and may become involved in the brain in immunocompromised patients
herpetic stomatis (HSV type I); histology shows a “washed out” nucleus (see attached)
white patches that are clinically easily removed by scraping; evident in the immunocompromised and diabetic patients
candidiasis (thrush); note the brown hyphal forms present
tumor like nodular growth on the mucosal surface that is a benign reactive process
pyogenic granuloma; this is not a true granulomatous process, though histology shows lots of small vessels, acute and chronic inflammatory cells
tumor-like cysts that are dilated and filled with mucin, causing obstruction of the oral glands
mucoceles
white patches (hyperkeratosis) that may be benign or malignant and cannot be removed by scraping
leukoplakia
red patches that are more commonly associated with malignancy (~50%)
erythroplakia
the pattern of growth shown here is known as what?
pseudoepitheliomatous hyperplasia
Which of the following statements regarding oral cavity carcinomas is FALSE?
A. The primary treatment for oral cavity carcinomas is surgical excision
B. HPV-related oral carcinomas are almost exclusively seen in men
C. Non-HPV associated squamouos carcinomas have a much better survival outcome than those that are HPV-related
D. Chemoradiation is indicated for some patients following surgical removal of an oral cavity tumor
E. The best survival outcome for oropharynx squamous carcinomas are associated with those on the lips or skin that arise from sun damage
C. HPV-related oropharynx cancers are associated with favorable outcomes versus non-HPV derived oropharynx cancers, which have a very poor outcome
autoimmune disease characterized by dry eyes and mouth in patient and is histologically associated with lympho-plasmacytic infilatration, often in a focal pattern (shown below):
Sjogren’s syndrome
All of the following statements regarding salivary gland tumors are true EXCEPT:
A. Most salivary gland tumors, such as pleomorphic adenoma, are in the parotid gland
B. In general, the larger the gland tumor is the more likely it is to be malignant
C. Most salivary tumors are slow growing
D. Most parotid tumors are benign
E. All salivary gland tumors are treated by surgical removal
B. Malignancy of salivary gland tumors is positively associated with small size.
why is it often difficult to remove an entire parotid gland tumor?
the facial nerve runs through it, and is at risk for damage during surgical treatment
this benign tumor is commonly seen in older men who smoke, and arises from epithelial cells trapped in parotid lymph nodes and covered by 1-2 layers of oncocytes (histology below)
warthin’s tumor
most common malignant salivary gland tumor, often found in the parotid and shows squamous differentiation with intercellular bridges
mucoepidermoid carcinoma
a slow growing, often recurrent malignant tumor characterized by perineural invasion and cribiform “swiss cheese” pattern histology (see below)
adenoid cystic carcinoma
this fungal species is extremely aggressive and invades vasculature and bone; may cause fatal brain infection if not surgically removed (urgently)
mucorales (ie, mucor and rhizopus)
