Oral cavity, Salivary glands, Mandible/Maxilla

Question 1

What muscles protect the nasopharynx from the entrance of food during deglutition?

a. Palatine muscles
b. Pteropharyngeal muscles
c. Tensor and Levator veli palatine
d. Pteropharyngeal muscles

Answer 1

c. Tensor and Levator veli palatine

soft palate becomes taught and elevated

Question 2

What nerves innervate the muscles of the soft palate?

a. Glossopharyngeal only
b. Vagus only
c. Glossopharyngeal and Vagus nerves
d. Glossopharyngeal, Vagus and the hypoglossal nerves

Answer 2

c. Glossopharyngeal and Vagus nerves

Question 3

What is the blood supply for the soft palate?

a. Infraorbital artery
b. Minor palatine artery
c. Major palatine artery
d. Sphenopalatine artery

Answer 3

B

Question 4

Which of the following statements is TRUE in regards to salivary glands?
A The parotid gland capsule clearly differentiates the gland from the surrounding tissues
B The mandibular gland has monostomatic and polystomatic portions
C The zygomatic and the sublingual glands have a higher proportion of mucus
D Salivary alpha-amylase is very important in dogs and cats to digest carbohydrates

Answer 4

C true
B (sublingual)
A intimately associated with facial nerve, maxillary and temporal a, internal maxillary v.
D not dogs and cats

Question 5

Which anatomy/physiology statement is false?
A The parotid artery supplies the parotid gland, and the superficial temporal and great auricular veins drain the parotid gland
B The medial retropharyngeal LN drain from the zygomatic, mandibular, sublingual and parotid salivary glands
C Phase I saliva is HCO3- and K+ rich, and Phase II saliva is sodium-rich
D Acinus → intercalated ducts → intralobular → interlobular → lobular → lobar→ major excretory ducts

Answer 5

C false
Phase I saliva: Na rich
Phase II saliva: final product rich in HCO3- and K+

Question 6

The majority of the blood supply to the mandible is provided by:
A. Rostral Mental artery
B. Facial artery
C. Inferior alveolar artery
D. Ventral tonsillar artery

Answer 6

C

Question 7

Common oral tumors in dogs and approximate descending order of frequency (approximate metastatic rate to the regional lymph nodes or beyond)

Answer 7

1. Malignant melanoma (81%)
2. SCC (20%)
3. Fibrosarcoma (35%)
4. Osteosarcoma
5. Acanthomatous ameloblastoma

Question 8

Which artery supplies the lower lip/cheek? Upper lip/cheek?

Answer 8

facial artery –> lower

infraorbital –> upper

Question 9

Name 3 extrinsic muscles of the tongue (paired)? which nerve controls them?

Answer 9

styloglossus
hyoglossus
genioglossus
Hypoglossal (XII)

Question 10

Name the 3 gustatory papillae?

Answer 10

Fungiform, vallate, foliate

Question 11

Name 2 nongustatory papillae

Answer 11

filiform, conical

Question 12

What cranial nerves control the muscles of the soft palate?

Answer 12

IX = glossopharyngeal
X = vagus

Question 13

Blood supply to the palatine tonsil?

Answer 13

lingual artery –> tonsillar artery

Question 14

Which of the following is true?
A. Tonsils do not have afferent lymphatics
B. The oral and pharyngeal phases are voluntary
C.
D.

Answer 14

A true
B oral = voluntary, V, VII, XII reflex pharyngeal stage = involuntary, swallowing center, IX, X
C
D

Question 15

Name the 3 phases of deglutition

Answer 15

oropharyngeal
esophageal
gastroesophageal

Question 16

Name the 3 phases of the 1st phase of deglutition, oropharyngeal

Answer 16

oral –> pharyngeal –> pharyngoesophgeal

Question 17

Name the majority mucous secreting glands? Serous glands?

Answer 17

Mucous: zygomatic, sublingual
Serous: parotid, mandibular

Question 18

Which glands empyt at the sublingual caruncle? The upper 4th premolar?

Answer 18

SL caruncle: mandibular and monostomatic portion sublingual

4th UPM: parotid

Question 19

Name functions of saliva

Answer 19

lubricate ingesta
themoregulation, oral cavity cleansing, buffering of weak acids, eduction oral bacT growth, protection surface epithelium

Question 20

What stimulates saliva production?

Answer 20

parasympathetics –> vasodilation + cGMP –> upregulates acinar cell activity

Question 21

Name the major muscles of mastication (4)

Answer 21

masseter, temporalis, pterydoieus, digastricus

Question 22

Where do you perform a maxillary dental block for maxillary teeth, hard and soft tissues/palate, nose and lower eyelid? What nerve?

Answer 22

Central aspect rostral half zygomatic arch OR intraoral

Infraorbital, minor and major palatine, superior alveolar, external/internal nasal, superior labial br

Question 23

What block is at the rostral approach between roots of canine and pm1

Answer 23

Middle mental

Question 24

What part of swallowing does the facial nerve contribute?

Answer 24

Oral phase of oropharyngeal

Question 25

What is the cricopharyngeal sphincter?

Answer 25

Functional sphincter made of thyropharyngeus and cricopharyngeus

Question 26

Which cranial nerve do the following?
Elevate base of tongue
Tongue
Pharynx
Pharynx, larynx, esophagus

Answer 26

V
XII
IX
X

Question 27

How do you block the infraorbital nerve?

Answer 27

Dial to maxillary pm3 in dogs and immediately medial to prominent rostral end zygomatic arch