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Histology > oral cavity > Flashcards

oral cavity Flashcards

1
Q

what is the function of teeth?

A

to survive cyclical loading

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2
Q

what are the two regions of the oral cavity?

A

vestibule

oral cavity proper

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3
Q

what is the vestibule?

A

the 3D space outside the teeth

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4
Q

what is the oral cavity proper?

A

the 3D space inside the teeth i.e. where your tongue lives

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5
Q

what is the superior border (roof) of the oral cavity?

A

hard and soft palate

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6
Q

what is the posterior border of the oral cavity?

A

oropharyngeal isthmus

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7
Q

what is the anterior border of the oral cavity?

A

the lips

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8
Q

what is the lateral border of the oral cavity?

A

the cheeks

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9
Q

what is the inferior border of the oral cavity?

A

mucous membrane covering mylohyoid muscle, mostly occupied by the tongue

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10
Q

T/F the oral mucosa lacks hair follicles and sweat glands, with few sebaceous glands?

A

True

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11
Q

what type of epithelium is the oral mucosa?

A
  • stratified squamous, both keratinized (ortho & para) and non-keratinized
  • derived from the ectoderm like skin
  • renewed every 1-2 weeks
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12
Q

characteristics of the lamina propria of oral mucosa

A

rete pegs, which hold epithelium to underlying lamina propria

  • contains manly lymphocytes in loose aggregates, as well as tonsils (3x10^9 PMNs daily)
  • contains small mixed sero/mucous salivary glands
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13
Q

what is the difference between the rete pegs in the lining mucosa vs. masticatory mucosa?

A

lining: flatter, rounded rete pegs
masticatory: sharper, more pronounced rete pegs

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14
Q

what are the 3 main divisions of the oral mucosa?

A

lining mucosa: non-keratinized
masticatory mucosa-keratinized
specialized mucosa- taste buds

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15
Q

where is lining mucosa found in the oral cavity?

A 
cheeks
inside of lips
floor of mouth
ventral tongue
soft palate
alveolar mucosa
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16
Q

where is the masticatory mucosa found?

A

gingiva( attached)
parts of the dorsum of the tongue
hard palate

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17
Q

where is specialized mucosa found?

A

dorsal and lateral surfaces of the tongue

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18
Q

what is the difference between general oral mucosa and oral mucoperiosteum?

A

-general: has a submucosa, may or may not attach to bone, gerally lining mucosa
-mucoperiosteum: medial hard palate, attached gingiva, no submucosa, robust lamina propria (lots of collagen)
attaches directly to bone

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19
Q

what is the difference between ortho and para keratinized?

A

ortho: no nuclei visible in keratine
para: some, sad, lonely looking nuclei retained in keratin layer
NB: the difference is rarely totally clear cut and they can transition back and forth

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20
Q

stratum corneum

A

anucleate then acelluar layer of squames of cross-linked keratin coated with lipid

21
Q

stratum granulosum

A

keratohyalin granules: keratin aggregation

lamellar granules: lipid coating

22
Q

stratum spinosum (prickle)

A

desmosomes

23
Q

stratum basale

A

stem cells

hemidesmosomes

24
Q

what layer of cells does non keratinized epithelium not have?

A

stratum corneum or stratum granulosum

25
Q

lining mucosa

A
  • non keratinized

- lacks stratum granulosum (thus lacks keratinhyaline granules)

26
Q

soft palate

A

lining mucosa
glandular tissue
separates oral and nasal cavities
one side will have respiratory epithelium

27
Q

hard palate

A

masticatory epithelium: keratinized stratified squamous ortho and/or para

  • junction between epithelium and underlying CT is interdigitated with many elongated papillae
  • Lamina propria often binds directly to underlying bone
  • may see some glandular tissue
28
Q

gingiva

A

attached: firmly bound to bone around roots of teeth, stippled due to rete pegs
- free or marginal: lies unattached around cervical region of teeth
- interdental: part between teeth

29
Q

what is the mucogingival line

A

delineates the attached gingiva from alveolar mucosa. Transition between masticatory and lining mucosa

30
Q

mucogingival junction epithelial changes and others

A

-epithelial: attached gingiva is keratinized alveolar mucosa: non-keratinized
-other: attached gingiva-dense lamina propria, many collagen bundles, attached to bone
alveolar muscosa: lamina propria is looser with many elastic fibers, which give the mucosa elasticity

31
Q

lips

A
  • keratinized skin
  • vermillion zone(thin keratinized SS epi w/ lots of superficial capillaries)
  • mucocutaneous junction or intermediate zone we transition to labial mucosa
  • intermediate zone is parakeratinized
  • labial mucosa: non keratinized, thick, flexible, smooth interface with CT
32
Q

cell types of the oral mucosa

A

90% keratinocytes
other 10% are:
-langerhans cells in stratum spinosum
-merkel cells-touch receptors which synapse with sensory nerves
-melanocytes: produce melanin, provide pigmentation

33
Q

filiform papillae

A 
keratinized epi
most nemerous
ant. 2/3 of tongue
gives grip via friction to tongue
no taste buds
34
Q

fungiform papillae

A

non keratinized epi
anterior part of tongue/mostly the tip
mushroom like and larger than filiform
taste buds on upper surface

35
Q

foliate papillae

A

non keratinized epi
less pronounced in adult humans
sides of tongue
contain taste buds on the sides in the crypts

36
Q

circumvallate

A 
keratinized epi
posterior part of tongue
massive circular looking things 
only 10-12
contains taste buds in crypts
**Von Ebner's glands (serous salivary glands) wash out crypts
37
Q

taste buds

A

barrel shaped structure, composed of chemoreceptive spindle cells

  • apical ends all terminate just below surface in the taste pit
  • taste pit communicates with surface through taste pore
  • taste comes from binding different receptors, which trigger various signaling cascades
  • NO distinct regions for different tastes
38
Q

what important things does saliva do?

A

lubricates the mouth-mucosa secretion
buffering-bicarb, phosphate ions
digestion-amylase
protection: washing action for bacteria and sugar, lactoferrin, lysozyme and defensins, IgAs

39
Q

parotid glands

A 
-quite large/lagest
25% of volume
-mostly serous secretions
-secrets alpha amylase
-particularly contributes during active salivation
40
Q

submandibular glands

A

mixed secretions, MOSTLY serous, but some mucous
60-67% of volume
-mucous-mucin
-big contribution of passive ‘background’ salivary volume

41
Q

sublingual glands

A

mixed secretions, but really mostly mucous
3-5% of volume
smallest
mucous capped with serous demilunes

42
Q

staining difference between serous and mucous cells

A

serous: stain dark, more protien content
mucous: stain lighter

43
Q

salivary glands

A

saliva is deposited at one end, flows through the duct system, modified at various points and is pushed out into the oral cavity

  • myoepithelial cells mixed with secretory cells contract and push saliva out
  • end product is hypotonic
44
Q

salivary secretion
intercalated ducts
striated ducts

A
  • first into intercalated ducts and then onto straited ducts
  • intercalated ducts have thin, simple cuboidal epithelium
  • striated ducts: simple columnar epithelium, modify saliva by secreting bicarb and absorbing Na and Cl
  • collectively these are known as intralobular ducts because they collect saliva from lobules of same lobe
45
Q

interlobular ducts

A

larger than intralobar ducts, and collect saliva from multiple lobes

  • stratified columnar
  • lead to excretory ducts where saliva is excreted in oral cavity
46
Q

interclated duct

A

mostly a conduit, simple cuboidal epithelium

47
Q

striated duct

A

large lumen, light even staining columnar cells, central nuclei

48
Q

path of saliva

A

interclated ->striated-> interlobar->excretory ducts-> oral cavity
** inteclated and striated are know as intralobar ducts

Histology (6 decks)

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