Oral Cavity Flashcards
What is a oral fibroma and what is it due to?
Squamous cell and fibrous tissue proliferation due to chronic irritation
What are some disease associations with aphthous ulcers?
Ciliac’s disease, inflammatory bowel disease
What is a pyogenic granuloma of the mouth?
Benign lobular proliferation of capillaries in the mouth
What can cause glossitis?
B12 deficiency
Other deficiency states
What is Plummer-Vinson syndrome?
Iron deficiency anemia
Glossitis
Dysphagia due to esophageal webs
Increased neutrophilic proliferation in the epithelium (associated with mild burning sensation) is indicated in what disease?
Geographic tongue
What is the name for heterotropic collections of sebaceous glands in the oral cavity?
Fordyce’s granules
What are the three types of odontogenic cysts?
Dentigerous cyst
Odontogenic keratocyst
Periapical cyst
What infectious diseases can manifest in oral changes?
Scarlet Fever Measles Mononucleosis Diphtheria HIV
Which dermatological diseases can manifest in the mouth?
Lichen planus
Pemphigus
Bullous pemphigoid
Erythema multiforme
What hematological disorders can manifest in the mouth?
Pancytopenia
Leukemia
Monocytic leukemia
What type of patient gets hairy leukoplakia?
HIV, immunocompromised
Where is hairy leukoplakia in the mouth and what causes it?
On sides of tongue
EBV
What viral infection is associated with squamous papillomas?
HPV
What are the two precancerous lesions commonly seen in the oral cavity?
Erythroplakia and leukoplakia
What is the histology of leukoplakia?
Hyperkeratosis and irregular epithelial hyperplasia
What is actinic cheilitis? What causes it?
Actinic keratosis of the lip
Caused by sun exposure
What are the biggest risk factors for squamous cell carcinoma of the oral cavity?
Alcohol and tobacco use, as well as HPV
Does HPV squamous cell carcinoma result in a better or worse diagnosis?
Better
What gene and which protein are overexpressed in HPV induced SCC?
p16, cyclin dependent kinase inhibitor
What cells are indicated in allergic rhinitis?
Eosinophils (REMEMBER LATE PHASE)
What is empyema?
A big pocket of pus in the sinus
A young adolescent male presents to your office with persistent stuffiness and gets frequent nosebleeds. What is a common diagnosis for this age group?
Nasopharyngeal angiofibroma
What are the three types of sinonasal papillomas?
Inverted, exophytic, and oncocytic
What are the most common causes of laryngoepiglotitis?
RSV, H. influenza, beta hemolytic strep
What are laryngeal squamous papillomas?
Benign papillary squamous neoplasms caused by HPV
What is the most common form of laryngeal carcinoma?
squamous cell carcinoma
What are the most common causes of xerostomia?
Sjogren’s syndrome
Radiation therapy
Antimuscarinics (and other medications)
What is sialadenitis?
Inflammation of salivary glands, oftentimes by mumps or staph/strep
What is a ranula?
Mucocele from sublingual duct that can dissect into the neck
What is lymphoepithelial sialadenitis?
Autoimmune disease involving salivary gland
What must lymphoepithelial sialadenitis be distinguished from pathologically?
B cell MALT lymphoma
Where do most salivary glands present? Where is it the most malignant?
Parotid gland
Sublingual gland is most malignant
Which is the most common salivary gland tumor? Where is it found?
Pleomorphic adenoma
Parotid gland
What is the physical exam of the pleomorphic adenoma?
firm, freely movable, painless parotid gland mass
What is a Warthin tumor?
tumor of the parotid gland, smokers have 8x the risk
What does the histology look like of a warthin tumor?
Dual layer of bland, neoplastic, eosinophilic epithelium
What is the most common malignant salivary gland tumor?
Mucoepidermoid carcinoma
What is a slow growing salivary gland tumor with predilection for neural invasion?
Adenoid cystic carcinoma
