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EMT-B > Oral Board > Flashcards

Oral Board Flashcards

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1
Q

What does ASA stand for?

A

Acetylsalicylic Acid (aspirin)

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2
Q

What does of oxygen should be given in a non-rebreather mask?

A

10-15 L/min

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3
Q

How is oxygen delivered ?

A

BVM, non-rebreather, nasal cannula.

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4
Q

What are the indications for activated charcoal?

A

A single dose of activated charcoal may be effective when administered to patients within an hour of ingesting a toxic poison.

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5
Q

What does activated charcoal do?

A

It can absorb some poisons as they bind to the surface of the charcoal, making it harder to digest.

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6
Q

What are the side effects of activated charcoal?

A

It may induce vomiting and may cause nausea.

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7
Q

What are the contraindictions for activated charcoal?

A
  • Altered mental status
  • Patients who have received an emetic
  • Ingestions of acids or alkalis
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8
Q

What is the dose delivered for activated charcoal in adults and in children?

A

1 gram/kg of bodyweight for adults and children.

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9
Q

How do you administer activated charcoal?

A

1.) First contact medical control
2.) Shake container thoroughly
3.) persuade patient to drink “muddy” liquid.
4.) Cover container and a straw might help.
5.) Properly document

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10
Q

What are the indications for oral glucose?

A

1.) Altered mental status with unknown diabetic history
2.) Hypoglycemia

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11
Q

What are the actions of oral glucose?

A

Raise blood sugar

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12
Q

What forms does oral glucose come in?

A

Gel and tablet

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13
Q

Where should gel oral glucose be placed?

A

Between gum and cheeks

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14
Q

What is the dosage of adult and pediatric glucose?

A

10-15g of glucose paste for both adult and pediatrics

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15
Q

What is the oxygen flow rate for nasal cannula? Concentration?

A

2-6 liters per min, 24-44% concentration

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15
Q

What is the oxygen flow rate for venturi mask? Concentration?

A

Its variable, it is used to deliver controlled amounts of oxygen. Concentration is 24 -44%.

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15
Q

What are the adverse effects of oxygen?

A

High concentration may reduce respiratory drive in COPD patients.

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16
Q

What is the flow rate and concentration of a simple face mask?

A

6-10 liters per min
35-60% Concentration

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17
Q

What is flow rate and concentration of a pocket mask?

A

12-15 liters per min, 50-60% concentration

18
Q

What is the flow rate and concentration of a non-rebreather mask?

A

12-15 liters per min, 80-100% concentration

19
Q

What is the flow rate and concentration of a bag-valve mask?

A

12-15 liters per min, 90-100% concentration

20
Q

What are the indications for epinephrine auto-injector?

A

1.) Moderate to severe allergic reaction with respiratory distress.
2.) Mild allergic reaction with history of life-threatening

21
Q

What does epinephrine auto-injector do to the body?

A

Increase heart rate
Increase Blood Pressure
Dilates lungs
constrict blood vessels

22
Q

What are the adverse effects of epi auto injector?

A

Tachycardia
Angina
Headache
Dizziness
Hypertension
Nervousness/anxiety
tremors

23
Q

What are the precautions of epi-auto injector?

A

Requires medical consultation in pregnant woman and is in severe allergic reaction

24
Q

What is the epinephrine auto injector dose for adults and pediatrics?

A

Adult 0.30 mg IM
Pediatic 0.15 mg IM

25
Q

How is epinephrine auto injector administered?

A
  • ensure that the patient needs the auto-injector
  • Contact medical
  • Take out the epi autoinjector
  • double check the correct name and dose
  • remove the autoinjector cap
  • inject the orange part of the epi pen to the patient’s thigh
  • hold firmly for at least 10 seconds
    -record name, dose, route, and time of administration.
  • Dispose of the auto-injector in a biohazard bin
26
Q

What are common names for metered dose inhalers?

A

Albuterol, proventil, ventolin

27
Q

What are indications for metered dose inhalers?

A
  • signs and symptoms of respiratory distress
  • bronchospasms/Wheezing
  • emphysema
28
Q

What is the dosage for metered dose inhalers?

A

Adult - 2 doses (4 puffs) over 30 minutes
Child - 2 doses (4 puffs) over 30 minutes

29
Q

Describe how to administer metered dose inhalers?

A
  • Obtain patient’s prescribed inhaler
  • assure right patients, right medication, right dose, right route
  • check expiration date
  • check if patient has already taken any medication prior to your arrival
  • assure inhaler is at room temperature
  • shake inhaler several times
  • have patient exhale deeply
    -have patient place lips around inhaler
  • depress the inhaler as patient begins deep inhalation
    -ask patient to hold breath as long as comfortable
  • reattach oxygen mask
  • administer 2nd puff after a few breaths
  • record name, dose, route, and time of administration
30
Q

What are the indications for nitroglyerins?

A

Patient must have own physician prescribed nitroglycerin.

Chest Pain

31
Q

What does nitroglycerin do to the body?

A
  • increase blood flow to the heart
  • dilates arteries
  • relaxes blood vessels
32
Q

What are the adverse effects of nitroglyerin?

A

Hypotension
Headache
Dizziness
Tachycardia

33
Q

What should you do before and after nitroglycerin administration?

A

Reassess blood pressure before and after administration

Contact medical control before further administration if systolic pressure drops more then 20 mmhg

34
Q

What are the contraindications for nitroglycerin?`

A
  • Systolic BP below 90 mmhg
  • myocardial infarction
  • head injury
  • Pediatric patients under 12 years
  • If (sildenafil Citrate/Viagra) erectile dysfunction medication is ingested within the last 24 hours.
35
Q

How is nitroglycerin administered?

A
  • Performed focused patient assessment for cardiac patient
  • Assess blood pressure, systolic should be greater then 100
  • obtain patient prescribed medication
  • assure right medication, right dose, right patient, right route
  • Check expiration date
  • Question patient about last dose taken
  • Question patient about taking erection dysfunction medication in the last 24 hours
  • Assist patient or place medication under tongue (one tablet or one spray)
  • Re-check BP
  • Record name, dose, route and time or administration
  • perform reassessment and give additional doses per protocol
36
Q
A
37
Q

What are the indications for aspirin?

A

New-onset chest pain suggestive of ischemia

38
Q

What are the contraindications to aspirin?

A

Allergies to aspirin, has already take 325 mg of aspirin within 60 minutes or more, liver damage, bleeding disorder, asthma, should not be given to children

39
Q

What does aspirin do to the body?

A

Inhibits platelet aggregation, reduced fever, pain, inflammation

40
Q

What is the dose of aspirin?

A

325 mg

41
Q

What are the indications for naloxone (narcan)?

A

Opioid overdose

42
Q

How is naloxone administered?

A

Intranasally

43
Q

What is the dose for administering narcan?

A

1 mL per nostril

EMT-B (1 decks)

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