Oral Biology: Speech

Question 1

What are the two phases of the speech process?

Answer 1

1. Generation of sound by vocal folds setting the air particles into vibration - known as PHONATION
2. Modify the sound to produce specific complex speech sounds - RESONANCE and ARTICULATION

Question 2

Which structure vibrates to produce voiced sounds?

Answer 2

Vocal chords vibrate

Question 3

Which unvoiced sounds (breathed) require articulation only?

Answer 3

1. ss
2. p
3. ff

Question 4

What are the structures/systems involved in phonation? (2)

Answer 4

1. respiratory system
2. layrnx (vocal cords)

Question 5

What structures/sysyems are involved in resonance?

Answer 5

pharynx, oral and nasal cavities

Question 6

What structures/systems are involved in articulation?

Answer 6

lips, tongue, teeth, palate

Question 7

How is phonation initiated?

Answer 7

Phonation is initiated by active closing of the vocal folds

Question 8

What is the initial phase of phonation followed by?

Question 9

What does the vibration of vocal folds lead to?

Answer 9

Sound

Question 10

In order for phonation to take place, what must be brought together?

Answer 10

vocal folds must be brought together

Question 11

Name three things that frequency of fold vibration is determined by

Answer 11

1, Size of vocal fold

2. fold tension (increased tension of vocalis muscle leads to increase in frequency)
3. force of expiration

Question 12

Name two things that modify sound to produce complex speech sounds

Answer 12

1. Resonance
2. Articulation

Question 13

What does resonance refer to?

Answer 13

Resonance refers to a vibration of large amplitude produced by a small vibration near the same frequency of vibration as the natural frequency of the resonating system

Question 14

What is natural frequency linked to?

Answer 14

1. shape/volume
2. material