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First Year BSOB > oral biology > Flashcards

oral biology Flashcards

1
Q

what are 6 different types of processes?

A
  • condyle
  • tubercule
  • tuberosity
  • crest
  • spine
  • head
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2
Q

what are 6 different types of cavities?

A
  • fissure
  • foramen
  • meatus,canal
  • sinus, antrum
  • groove, sulcus
  • fossa
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3
Q

what is a fossa?

A

a depression in bone

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4
Q

what are two components of the neurocranium?

A
  • vault of the skull

- cranial base

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5
Q

what is another term for the viscerocranium?

A

the face

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6
Q

the facial skeleton can be divided into how many parts?

A

three

upper third develops fastest, lower third develops slowest(mandible growth in 20s)

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7
Q

how many fontanelles are there?

A

six

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8
Q

what do fontanelles allow for?

A

compression of the head at birth

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9
Q

what are the 5 main cranial sutures?

A
  • metopic
  • coronal
  • sagittal
  • lambdoid
  • squamosal
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10
Q

what does SCALP stand for?

A
  • skin
  • connective tissue
  • aponeurosis
  • loose connective tissue
  • periosteum
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11
Q

where does blood from the head and neck drain to?

A

pterygoid plexus and facial vein

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12
Q

what is the tongue?

A

a mass of striated muscle covered by mucous membrane

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13
Q

what is the posterior part of the tongue attached to?

A

hyoid bone

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14
Q

what pipillae are on the dorsum of the tongue causing velvety surface?

A

filiform papillae

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15
Q

what are the bright red spots on the tongue caused by?

A

fungiform papillae

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16
Q

what marks the junction between ant 2/3rd and post 1/3rd of the tongue?

A
  • v shape= sulcus terminalis

- foramen caecum

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17
Q

what lies immediately after sulcus terminalus?

A

curcumvallate papillae

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18
Q

what serous glands are on the dorsal surface of the tongue?

A

glands of von ebner

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19
Q

where are foliate papilla found?

A

lateral borders of the tongue, anterior to where the palatoglossal fold flows

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20
Q

glands of what are found on the ventral surface?

A

glands of Blandin & Nuhn

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21
Q

what are the functions of the tongue?

A
  • speech
  • masticatory
  • swallowing
  • protective
  • taste
  • tactile
  • self-cleansing
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22
Q

what nerve supplies the muscles of the tongue?

A

-hypoglossal nerve

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23
Q

what two groups are the muscles of the tongue divided into?

A
  • intrinsic

- extrinsic

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24
Q

what do intrinsic muscles of the tongue do?

A

-alter the shape of the tongue

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25
Q

what do extrinsic muscles of the tongue do?

A

-alter the position and the shape

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26
Q

what are the four intrinsic muscles of the tongue?

A

1) superior longitudinal
2) inferior longitudinal
3) vertical
4) transverse

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27
Q

what are the extrinsic muscles of the tongue?

A

1) genioglossus
2) hyoglossus
2) styloglossus
3) palatoglossus
4) chondroglossus

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28
Q

the mylohyoid muscle acts as what to the floor of the mouth?

A

diaphragm

29
Q

what does the upper sublingual compartment of the floor of the mouth contain?

A
  • geniohyoid muscle
  • lingual nerve
  • sublingual salivary gland
  • submandibular salivary duct
30
Q

what does the lower submandibular compartment of the floor of the mouth contain?

A
  • submandiblar salivary gland

- digastric muscle

31
Q

does the digastric muscle lie above or below the mylohyoid muscle?

A

below

32
Q

how much saliva is secreted per day?

A

-750-1500mls per day

33
Q

what are the 3 main salivary glands?

A
  • parotid
  • submandibular
  • sublingual
34
Q

what is the parotid gland also known as?

A

stensons duct

35
Q

what is the submandibular duct also known as?

A

whartons duct

36
Q

what are the functions of saliva?

A
  • digestion
  • lubrication
  • protection
  • cleanses
  • taste
  • speech
  • mastication
  • bollus forming
37
Q

what is xerostomia?

A

pathologically dry mouth

38
Q

what are the intrinsic muscles of the soft palate?

A

uvular muscles

39
Q

what are the extrinsic muscles of the soft palates?

A
  • tensor palati
  • levator palati
  • palatopharyngeous
  • palatoglossus
40
Q

what type of joint is the TMJ?

A

-bilateral synovial sliding hinge joint

41
Q

what is the osteology of the TMJ?

A
  • condylar head of mandible
  • glenoid fossa of temporal bone
  • articular eminence of temporal bone
  • tympanic plate
  • squamo-tympanic fissure
42
Q

what is the function of the meniscus in the TMJ?

A

-cushions loading and stabilises the joint

43
Q

what ligaments are involved with the TMJ?

A

1) capsular ligament
2) temperomandibular ligament
3) stylomandibular ligament
4) sphenomandibular ligament

44
Q

what is the funciton of the ligaments in TMJ?

A

strengthen and supports the joint and limits excessive movement

45
Q

what are 5 movements of the TMJ?

A
  • depression
  • elevation
  • retrusion
  • protrusion
  • lateral swing
46
Q

what is the nerve and blood supply for facial muscles?

A

facial nerve and facial artery

47
Q

what are the deeply placed facial muscles?

A
  • orbicularis oris

- buccinator

48
Q

what muscles are superficially placed?

A
  • levator labii superioris
  • levator anguli oris
  • zygomaticus major
  • zygomaticus minor
  • risorus
  • depressor labii inferioris
  • depressor anguli oris
  • mentalis
49
Q

what are the functions of the nasal cavity?

A
  • olfaction
  • respiration
  • warm incoming air
  • filter incoming air
  • humidify incoming air
  • collection and disposal of secretions from sinuses and nasolacrimal ducts
50
Q

what are the 4 paranasal sinuses?

A
  • frontal
  • ethmoidal
  • sphenoidal
  • maxillary
51
Q

what may the tubules in dentine contain?

A
  • fluid
  • nerves
  • cell processes
52
Q

Is dentine more or less porous closer to the pulp?

A

dentine gets more porous the closer it gets to the pulp

53
Q

what does the following terms mean?; ectoderm, endoderm

A
  • ectoderm=outside

- endoderm=inside

54
Q

what is cartilage made up from?

A

-chondroblasts and chondrocytes

55
Q

when does tooth development start?

A

6 weeks i.u.

56
Q

when does calcification of the teeth start?

A

3-6 months i.u.

57
Q

when does the first tooth erupt?

A

6-12 months

58
Q

when is the deciduous dentition complete?

A

2 and a half years

59
Q

when do the C’s come through?

A

16-20 months

60
Q

when do the roots complete after eruption?

A

one to one and a half years

61
Q

when do the 6’s erupt?

A

age 6

62
Q

when is root completion in pernament teeth?

A

3 years after eruption

63
Q

what does the stratum intermedium do?

A

transports nutrients to and from the ameloblasts

64
Q

what does the inner enamel epithelium eventually differentiate into?

A

ameloblasts

65
Q

what are dentine forming cells called?

A

odontoblasts

66
Q

what are enamel forming cells called?

A

ameloblasts

67
Q

what is the purpose of hertwigs root sheath?

A

gorws apically mapping out the shape of the root

68
Q

what are the functions of dentine?

A
  • dentine formation
  • defence and repair
  • sensory

First Year BSOB (2 decks)

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