Oral antidiabetic Drugs And Insulin Flashcards
Biguanides
Metformin
Sulphonylureas
Gen. 1 - Chlorpropamide, Tolbutamide
Gen. 2 - Glipizide, Gliclazide, Glimperide, Glibenclamide
Meglitinides
Repaglinide
Nateglinide
Thioazoledinediones (PPAR-Gamma)
Torglitazone
Rosiglitazone
Pioglitazone - Only used now
GLP-1 Analogues
Exenatide
Liraglutide
Albiglutide
Dulaglutide
DPP-4 (Dipeptidyl peptidase) Inhibitors
Sitagliptin
Saxagliptin
Linagliptin
Vildagliptin
SGLT-2 Inhibitors
Canagliflozin
Dapagliflozin
Empagliflozin
Short acting Insulin
Regular insulin
Rapidly acting insulin
Lispro
Aspart
Glulisine
Intermediate acting Insulin
NPH
Lente
Long Acting insulin
Glargine
Detemir
Degludec
Metformin side effects
GI disturbances
Megaloblastic anemia (Vitamin B12 deficiency)
Lactic acidosis - rare
Weight loss/No change
No Hypoglycemia
Sulphonylureas side effects
Hypoglycemia
Weight gain
Chlorpropamide - Cholestatic Jaundice
- Disulfiram like reaction
- ^ ADH - Dilutional hyponatremia
Thioazoledinediones (PPAR-Gamma) Analogues:
Hepatotoxicity
Rosiglitazone - increases risk of MI
Pioglitazone - increased risk of bladder cancer
Contraindicated in cardiac patients and in Renal failure
Alpha glucosidase Inhibitors
Flatulence
GI Disturbances
May cause Hypoglycemia - eat sugar not food
Contraindicated in Inflammatory bowel disease
GLP-1 Analogues
Nausea, vomiting
Pancreatitis
Hypoglycemia (very low risk)
Increased risk of medullary cancer of thyroid
DPP-4 Inhibitors side effects
Nasopharyngitis
Pancreatitis
Contraindicated in Renal failure except Linagliptin
No Hypoglycemia
SGLT-2 Inhibitors
Urinary tract or Genital tract infection
Hypovolemia
Ketoacidosis
Reduce CV outcome and Mortality
Weight loss
