oral and maxillofacial pathology

Question 1

clinical diagnosis

Answer 1

derived from clinical appearance and palpation of lesion. based on color, shape, location and history

Question 2

radiographic diagnosis

Answer 2

via radiographs

Question 3

historical diagnosis

Answer 3

personal, family, medical, drug

Question 4

lab diagnosis

Answer 4

tests with blood chemistries, urinalysis gives conclusive evidence

Question 5

microscopic dagnosis

Answer 5

evaluation of a biopsy specimen taken from lesion is the main component of a definitive diagnosis

Question 6

surgical diagnosis

Answer 6

provides conclusive evidence of diagnosis

Question 7

therapeutic diagnosis

Answer 7

prescribing and observing results based on clinical and historical information

Question 8

differential diagnosis

Answer 8

list of possible diseases or lesions

Question 9

key in maintaining oral health

Answer 9

observation

Question 10

clinical symptoms

Answer 10

described by the patient ie. pain, throbbing, heat

Question 11

clinical signs

Answer 11

described by the examiner

Question 12

macule

Answer 12

different color than surrounding tissue. FLAT lesion

Question 13

papule

Answer 13

LESS than 1 cm circular lesion that is ELEVATED

Question 14

nodule

Answer 14

palpable solid lesion 1 cm in diameter. above, level or beneath the skin

Question 15

tumor

Answer 15

solid raised mass LARGER than 1cm. also described neoplastic cells

Question 16

exophytic

Answer 16

outwardly growing

Question 17

pedunculated

Answer 17

stem like or stalk base. similar to mushroom

Question 18

sessile

Answer 18

base of lesion that is flat or broad instead of stem like

Question 19

papillary

Answer 19

small nipple shaped projection. usually found in clusters

Question 20

vesicle

Answer 20

resembles a sac and contains fluid. less than 1 cm

Question 21

bulla

Answer 21

circumscribed elevated lesion MORE than 1cm in diameter. contains fluid. looks like a blister

Question 22

pustule

Answer 22

circular, raised and contains puss of various size

Question 23

ulcer

Answer 23

loss of surface tissue (necrotic). caused by infection, trauma, cancer, immune reaction

Question 24

erosion

Answer 24

non healing ulcer. example from ill fitting denture

Question 25

fissure

Answer 25

narrow slit

Question 26

plaque

Answer 26

flat surface and raised edges

Question 27

petechia

Answer 27

little red spots on skin or mucous membrane. blood escapes here.

Question 28

ecchymosis

Answer 28

LARGE red/blue area from escape of blood i.e. bruise (doesn't blanch)

Question 29

telangiectasia

Answer 29

formation of capillaries near surface. can be hereditary, alcohol abuse or malignancy

Question 30

upon palpation - fluctuant

Answer 30

wave like motion

Question 31

upon palpation - bony

Answer 31

ie tori

Question 32

upon palpation - indurated

Answer 32

excessive hardening or firmness. usually from inward growth i.e. malignancy

Question 33

erythematous

Answer 33

reddish (RBCs=erythrocytes=red)

Question 34

variation of normal

Answer 34

fordyce granules, tori, physiologic pigmentation, leukoedema,lingual varicosities

Question 35

fordyce granules

Answer 35

collection of scotopic sebaceous glands

Question 36

torus palatinus

Answer 36

exophytic (outward growth) nodule of cortical bone located in midline of hard palate - not removed, burned easily

Question 37

torus mandibularis

Answer 37

exophytic nodule of cortical bone in canine premolar area

Question 38

physiologic melanin pigmetation

Answer 38

lots of melanin cells in the gingival tissues of non-caucasions

Question 39

lingual varicosities

Answer 39

dilated lingual veins on ventral and lateral surface of tongue. seen in elderly. no treatment

Question 40

leukoedema

Answer 40

accumulation of fluid within eli cells of buccal mucosa - seen as grayish white. stretch and disappears.

Question 41

hairy tongue

Answer 41

filiform papilla become elongated

Question 42

geographic tongue aka migratory glossitis

Answer 42

irregularly shaped erythematous patches on the tongue with white rims that enlarge

Question 43

fissured tongue

Answer 43

grooves/depressions in tongue

Question 44

radiographic change in...

Answer 44

periapical, pericoronal, inter radicular, periodontal

Question 45

unilocular

Answer 45

single, rounded compartment

Question 46

multilocular

Answer 46

soap bubble appearance or honeycomb