Oral And Basic Systems Flashcards
Can any part of the five point harness be MEL’d?
NO
Explain the Navigation Lights? Location?
There are two Nav lights on each wingtip. Only one operates at a time.
* The white Nav light is on the trailing edge of each wingtip. There is no light (other than Logo) on the tail.
Rudder pedals and seat are adjusted how? Special considerations?
Electrically.
IF MEL’d, seat can be adjusted up and down by crank under seat. But, rudders must be adjusted by a Mechanic.
What is the normal PSI and minimum of Oxygen bottles?
1800 PSI
Minimum is 1550 PSI
Emergency exits? Cabin and Cockpit? How do you and Pax get to the ground without jumping?
Cabin has four emergency exits, each has a slide.
Cockpit has two Direct Vision Window for emergency egress.
Each has an escape rope.
How do the Cabin doors move to open?
Outward and forward.
Cabin Door can withstand how much wind?
In motion - 40 Kts gust
Latched open - 65 Kts gust.
What are the two gauges on the cabin door?
One is for slide pressure
One is for Hydraulic Door Assist Pressure.
When should Thrust Reversers be Stowed?
There is a MAX and MIN REV detent.
Minimum Reverse by 60 KIAS
Closed/Stowed by 30 KIAS
When is standby magnetic compass not valid?
When transmitting on VHF #1
How many AC electrical networks on the airplane and why?
Two
Redundancy and fault isolation.
What happens if a power source fails?
The bus ties automatically connect (close) and provide power from the powered AC Bus to the Dead AC Bus… without any system degradation.
Name the components that power the AC System?
2 IDGs (Integrated Drive Generators) APU Inverter RAT (Ram Air Turbine) AC GPU Receptacle
What components power the DC System?
2 NiCad Batteries
3 TRU’s (Transformer Rectifier Unit)
DC GPU Receptacle
How does the IDG maintain a stable Power output?
A Constant Speed Drive (CSD) attaches the IDG to the Accessory Gear Box (AGB).
What monitors and controls the IDG?
Each IDG has A Generator Control Unit (GCU)
Can one IDG supply power to the entire system?
YES
What will cause the Amber IDG light on the overhead panel to Illuminate?
High Oil Temperature
OR
Low Oil Pressure
Electricity goes from the AC Generators to where?
To power the AC Busses and AC ESS bus, WHICH power the 3 TRUs (1,2, and ESS)
What is the purpose of the Transformer Rectifier Units? (TRU)
To convert 115VAC to 28 VDC
Can the APU replace a failed IDG?
Yes,
Below 33,000’
What is the AC Electrical System Priority?
Onside (IDG)
Inside (APU)
Outside (GPU)
Cross Side (opposite IDG)
Note the airplane will use an onboard power source before using an external source.
How is it known an AC GPU is hooked up and ready to supply electricity?
GPU button displays green AVAIL and GPU icon is displayed on Electric Synoptic page.
If you push the GPU button in, it will say “IN USE”
If the airplane is using the AC GPU and then starts the APU, what MUST the pilot remember to do?
Deselect the GPU button
What will charge the batteries?
Any AC Power Source
How long will Aircraft batteries last without charging?
10 Minutes
What is the purpose of the DC GPU receptacle ?
Below what Voltage?
What about Battery Temperature?
1) For starting the APU when batteries are less than 22.5 VDC
2) If Battery #2 temperature is less than -20*C
What is the Minimum battery temperature (Battery #2 starts APU) for an APU start?
-20*C
What is the minimum battery voltage to close the battery bus ties?
18 Volts
Which battery is used for APU start? What about the other one in relation to the APU?
Battery #2 powers the APU Start Bus
Battery #1 powers FADEC and EICAS for start monitoring.
What is the purpose of the Inverter? What does it power?
Converts 28VDC from the batteries to 115VAC to power the AC Standby Bus when AC power source is not available.
What is powered by the AC Standby Bus in relation to the Engine?
Engine Exciters 1A and 2A
When will the RAT Deploy?
Automatically if the AC Busses are not powered.
OR
Manual deployment by Pilot
How long after deployment of RAT will it supply power?
8 Seconds
Do you loose power during the 8 seconds the RAT is deploying?
NO, the airplane Batteries supply power to the DC ESS Busses and AC Standby bus
What does the RAT Power?
All DC and AC ESS Busses (flows from the AC ESS to the DC ESS)
What is the Minimum Airspeed for RAT operation?
(Deployment must be above 150 KIAS)
130 KIAS. Below 130 KIAS and load shedding occurs.
What manages the electrical system?
4 Integrated Control Centers (ICC)
2 Secondary Power Distribution Assemblies (SPDA)
What is an ICC?
Integrated Control Center.
An electrical control device, which provides POWER (distribution) and protection to the SPDAs and the Circuit Breakers.
What is an SPDA?
Secondary Power Distribution Assembly
An Electrical load management unit (powered by the ICCs) that distributes electrical loads to aircraft systems according to distribution logic.
Can the flight crew reset the ICCs and SPDAs remote electronic Circuit Breakers?
- ICC CB can only be reset by maintenance
- SPDA CB are reset my MCDU.
Explain the Collector tank?
In the inboard section of each wing. It Keeps fuel pumps submerged to ensure constant fuel flow to respective engine.
Explain the fuel vent system.
Vent system ensures:
1) positive pressure between tanks.
2) differential pressure between tanks remains within structural limits.
3) high pressure relief valve eliminates risk of over pressure.
What is the Surge Tank?
Surge tank collects any fuel that enters the vent system during maneuvers, and returns it to the main tanks once the wings are level!
What is:
Total usable fuel?
Low level warning LBS?
20,786 LBS
660 LBS per tank.
List all the Fuel Pumps ?
2 Engine Driven 2 Ejector (1 per side) 6 Scavenge (3 per side) 2 AC Electric (motor pump) 1 DC Electric (motor pump)
Purpose of Engine Driven Fuel Pump!
- Primary fuel source to the engine
- Provides motive flow to the primary ejector pump
- Provides the pressure (for motive flow) to scavenge pumps
Explain Ejector Pump
Venturi type pump In Collector tank. It maintains head pressure going to respective engine.
Explain Scavenge pump
Maintains adequate fuel supply from sections of wing tank to the collector tank.
Explain AC fuel pump
- Back-up for the ejector pumps
- Used during crossfeed operations
- AC Pump 2 provides fuel to APU when engine-driven pump (EDP) 2 is not running
Explain DC fuel pump
Installed only in the right wing
-Provides pressurized fuel for normal APU start when AC power or the AC fuel pump 2 is not available.
What pump is used once an engine is started?
Respective Primary Ejector Pump
All Fire DETECTION and PROTECTION is powered by what bus? Except what?
DC ESS Bus.
EXCEPT the Engine fire PROTECTION (Bottles),
which is powered by HOT BATT BUS
Explain ENGINE fire detection and protection? How do you isolate the engine?
Detection: Each engine has two engine fire loops. 8 detectors per engine. Both loops must over heat to get an engine fire indication; unless, one is broken (open).
Protection: 2 fire bottles (1 shot per bottle)
Both shots to one engine or one shot to each engine
-When the respective fire handle is pulled:
Fuel valve is closed
Hydraulic valve is closed
Bleed valve is closed
-Fire handle and ITT warnings will stay illuminated until no indication of a fire exists
Explain APU fire Detection System
2 fire loops (2 Detectors)
Both loops must detect an overheat to get a fire indication unless one loop is inop.
Explain what cockpit cues alert you of APU Fire
When an APU fire is detected you get:
-AURAL warning
AND
-3 LIGHTS!
the red stripped bar of the APU emergency stop button illuminates;
the master WARNING lights illuminate;
the EICAS WARNING message APU FIRE is displayed.
All alarms and indications cease when fire conditions are no longer present
Sequence of Events During an APU Fire?
APU EMER STOP button RED light illuminates along with other indications.
Memory item completed - APU EMER STOP BUTTON…PUSH IN (WHITE light illuminates and RED light extinguishes)
APU FIRE EXTINGUISHER button illuminates.
In the event the memory item is NOT completed, the
APU FIRE EXTINGUISHER button will illuminate after 60 seconds of having an APU fire indication
Explain components of the cargo fire Detection and Protection
Forward and Aft cargo Compartments have independent fire detectors.
Three smoke detectors in forward
Two smoke detectors in aft.
One High Rate bottle and one Low Rate bottle.
What Automatically Happens when Smoke is Detected in FWD Cargo compartment ?
Air circulation fan turns off
AND
the ventilation Outflow valve closes.
Explain sequence logic of the Cargo Smoke Pushbutton?
Broken into:
Indication and No Indication.
On the Ground and In Flight.
With Indication InFlight:
1st push fires high Rate bottle and arms low rate bottle. Low rate will fire after 60 seconds.
With Indication On Ground:
1st push fires high rate bottle, and the low rate arms. 2nd push fires low rate bottle.
NO Indication in Flight:
1st push arms high rate. 2nd push fires high rate. 3rd push fires low rate.
NO Indication on Ground:
1st push Arms high rate bottle. 2nd push fire high rate. 3rd push fires low rate.
How many Lav Smoke Detectors?
Two total, one in each……
Explain lavatory fire protection?
1 fire bottle in each waste container (forward and aft lav.)
(Wax plug melts at a given temperature to discharge the bottle)
Explain what 627 means in relation to the Fire Detection Test.
6
2
7
6 lights illuminate on the overhead panel
2 lights illuminate on the glare shield
7 lights illuminate on the EICAS
AND 2 aural indications
What are you looking for on the Fire Detection Test? 6227
2 Aural: Fire Bell and Triple Chime 6 Over head panel: Fire handle 1 Fire handle 2 Cargo smoke (FWD) extinguisher button Cargo smoke (AFT) extinguisher button APU extinguisher button APU EMER STOP (top half of button 2 Glare Shield: Left and Right master Warning Lights 7 EICAS: 1)ENG 1 FIRE 2)ENG 2 FIRE 3)CARGO FWD SMOKE 4)CARGO AFT SMOKE 5)APU FIRE 6)FIRE Engine 1 ITT gauge 7)FIRE Engine 2 ITT gauge
Name the systems that have fire detection and protection on the E-175 ?
Engines
APU
Cargo Compartments
Lavatories
Are the cockpit and cabin fire protected? How?
Yes,
The cockpit has one hand held halon fire extinguisher.
The cabin has Four hand held halon fire extinguishers. (2aft, 2 fwd) and one water fire extinguisher in the aft.
What is an Indication of an APU Fire?
Fire bell
Red stripe in the EMER STOP button
APU FIRE is displayed on the EICAS
Will the APU automatically shut down if a fire is detected?
Only on the ground
What happens when the APU EMER STOP button is pushed when an engine fire indication is present?
APU shuts off immediately without a 1-minute cool-down
APU fuel SOV closes
APU FIRE EXTG button illuminates
How long does the cargo compartment low rate Halon bottle remain active?
60 Minutes
What is the Fuel Source for the APU?
Right fuel tank normally
Left fuel tank through the crossfeed valve
What fuel pump(s) are used for APU Start? (3)
IF:
Batteries ‘ON’ only DC fuel pump in right tank
AC powered airplane ACMP 2
Right engine running right Ejector fuel pump
What does moving the APU Start Switch to OFF do?
Initiates normal APU shutdown
1-minute cool down
No pneumatics (electrics only for 1 minute
Can APU shutdown be cancelled?
Yes, by moving the START switch back to ‘ON’ before the 1-minute cool down is over
How is the APU shutdown Immediately?
APU emergency stop button
(No 1-minute cool down period)
OR
Turning the Batteries off with the APU switch off
What conditions will cause automatic shutdown of the APU occur?
Ground:
Overspeed
Under Speed
FADEC critical fault
Fire
Overheat
Low oil pressure
Flight:
Overspeed
Underspeed
FADEC critical fault
How many Hydraulic systems?
Three Independant Systems.
HYD1 HYD2 HYD3
What systems use Hydraulic Power?
Flight controls
Spoilers
Landing gear
Nose wheel steering
Wheel brakes
Thrust reversers
Can Hydraulic fluid be transferred between systems?
No
How many Hydraulic Pumps are on the Airplane total?
6 total: 2 EDPs (Engine Driven Pumps) 4 ACMPs (AC Motor Pumps)
What are the basic components of the Hydraulic system?
Reservoir
Pumps
Accumulator
Purpose of the Accumulator?
Helps to maintain constant pressure by covering transient demands
Helps to avoid pump cavitation
When will Hydraulic ACMP 1 and 2 automatically activate?
Basically during takeoff and landing
Ground:
Flaps > 0, and
TL set to T/O, or
Groundspeed > 50 kts
Flight:
Engine failure or EDP failure
OR
Flaps > 0
What is the IESS?
It’s just the stupid Standby Attitude Indicator.
Integrated Electronic Standby System
Explain the components of the Hydraulic System
Hydraulic systems 1 & 2 have: 1 EDP 1 ACMP 1 Reservoir 2 Accumulators (System 2 has a power Transfer Unit (PTU)
Hydraulic 3:
2 ACMP (3A&3B)
1 Reservoir
1 Accumulator
What are some important items controlled by HYD 2 system?
Landing Gear
Nose Wheel Steering
Inboard Breaks
What is the PTU
Power Transfer Unit
The PTU consists of a hydraulic pump in Hydraulic System 2 driven by a hydraulic motor installed in Hydraulic System 1.
Why is there a PTU?
To allow landing gear retraction in the event of an engine 2 or EDP 2 failure
When will the PTU automatically turn on?
During takeoff and landing: ONLY if the EDP 2 fails, or the ACMP2 fails!
with flaps > 0 OR gear down, and the EDP 1 is working and hydraulic fluid level is greater than 12%
- It never activates on the Ground
How do you activate nose wheel steering and which hydraulic system?
Releasing the parking break activates ACMP 2, activating the nose wheel steering.
Powered by ACMP 2
What is the primary purpose of the hydraulic three system?
A backup for the Flight Controls
Why are HYD ACMP 3A & B pump switch positions ON & AUTO respectively?
3A is primary with no automation
3B is back-up and automatically activates if 3A fails. Hence “AUTO”
What hydraulic ACMP will run if the RAT is supplying power only?
ACMP 3A
In an electrical emergency what provides hydraulic pressure to flight controls until the RAT comes online?
HYD 3 Accumulator
After 8 seconds, the RAT will power the ACMP 3A
In an electrical emergency can HYD 3 system power requirements overload the RAT?
No. Flow limiter reduces ACMP electrical load on RAT.
What does the AMS use bleed air for?
ECS (heating & cooling)
Engine start
Pressurization
Engine and wing anti-ice
Water pressure
Hot air leak detection
How many AMS controllers?
One controller with two separate channels. If one channel fails, the other can run system.
What provides air for the AMS?
Engine bleed
APU bleed
External pneumatic source.
What is bleed air used for?
ECS (heating & cooling)
Engine start
Engine and wing anti-icing
Water pressurization
What is external Pneumatic Air for? How is it connected?
Hi pressure connection is for Ground engine start.
Separate Low pressure connection for Environmental air on the ground.
Primary Uses for APU Bleed Air
ECS on the ground
Engine starting on the ground