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Oral Flashcards

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Charter Pilot (Part 135) - Oral flashcards
1
Q

Lines the parallel equator

A

Latitude

Marked with minutes each tic on latitude line equals 1 min, dash 5 min and box 30minutes

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2
Q

Lines extending from north to South Pole

A

Longitude

0 degrees passes though Greenwich England

Each tic represents 1min, dash 5min and box 30 minutes

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3
Q

If cruising altitude is between 0 and 179 what should your altitude be ?

A

Odd altitude plus 500

3500, 5500, 7500 ft

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4
Q

If cruising between 180 and 359 then cruising altitude should be

A

Even altitude plus 500 ft

4500, 6500

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5
Q

What controls pitch and which axis does the plane rotate about

A

Pitch

Elevator

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6
Q

Which component controls yaw and about which axis does it rotate

A

Rudder

Vertical Axis

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7
Q

Which component controls roll and which axis does the plane rotate about ?

A

Ailerons

Longitude Axis

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8
Q

Minimum Safe Altitude

  1. Congested
  2. Non-congested
  3. Sparsely populated areas
A
  1. 1000ft above closest obstinate within 2000ft
  2. 500 ft above surface
  3. Not within 500 ft of person vessel or vehicle
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9
Q

What is a convective signet ?

What conditions are Convective signet issued for ?

What is area it is issued for ?

How often is it updated?

A
  1. Hazardous Weather to All Aircraft
  2. Surface winds above 50 knots
    Hail larger than 3/4 diameter
    Tornados and Embedded thunderstorms
  3. East, Central or West
  4. Issued every 4 hours
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10
Q

What is a Signet?

What is it issued for ?

How often is it issued ?

A

Significant meteorological information concerning for all aircraft

Issued for sever icing, sever turbulence, and IFR conditions

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11
Q

What is an Airmet ?

What is an airmen’s issued for ?

How often is it issued?

A

Weather conditions hazardous to light aircraft

types
Sierra: for IFR conditions less than 3 miles visibility or ceiling less than 1000ft over 50% of an area

Zulu: moderate Icing

Tango: moderate Turbulence, strong winds more than 30 knots and wind shear

Issued every 6 hours

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12
Q

What is the basic med limitations and requirements?

How long is it good for ?

A

Type of medical certification

Limitations are less than 18,000 ft, less than 250 knots, no more than 6 people including pilot, max take off weight 6000 lbs, not for commercial

Good for 48 months, must complete training every 24 months

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13
Q

Compass Errors

Variation

Deviation

A

Variation: difference between true and magnetic north

Deviation: error caused by magnetic fields of airplane electronics

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14
Q

What happens when you

Turn from North heading ?

Turn from south heading ?

A

NOSE

North indicate a turn in opposite direction

South compares exaggerates the rate of turn

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15
Q

Indicated Altitude

A

Altitude indicates by altimeter

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16
Q

Pressure Altitude ?

A

Height above the standard datum plane when altimeter is adjusted to standard sea level pressure 29.92

Can be read by setting altimeter to 29.92

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17
Q

Density Altitude

A

Pressure altitude corrected for nonstandard temperature

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18
Q

True Altitude

A

The actual height above sea level

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19
Q

Absolute altitude

A

Actual height above the earths surface

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20
Q

What are gyroscopic instruments?

A

Attitude Indicator (wings on horizon)

Heading Indicator

Turn Coordinator

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21
Q

Special Use Air Space description and requirements (blue line and single line of dots)

A

Requested to avoid flight below 2,000 ft to avoid disturbing birds

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22
Q

Protected airspace description and requirements

A

Purple line with two dots

Pilots are prohibited by NOAA from flying below the noted altitude usually 1000 to 2000 ft AGL

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23
Q

Prohibited description and requirements

A

Blue Line with perpendicular blue lines extending inward

Example is the Boundary Waters the elevation limit of this can be verified in ForeFlight by holding down over area and selecting details

Flight is not permitted in this area

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24
Q

Restricted Area description and requirements

A

Blue Line with perpendicular lines extending inward

VFR flight is not permitted without prior ATC approval

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25
Q

Warning Area description and requirements

A

blue line with perpendicular lines extending inward

VFR flight does not require prior approval but recommended due to potentially hazardous conditions

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26
Q

Alert Area

A

Purple line with perpendicular lines extending inward

VFR flight does not require ATC approval but should be alert due to high volume of training flights

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27
Q

MOA Military Operation Area

A

Purple line with perpendicular lines extending inward

VFR pilot may fly though active MOA but advise to exercise extreme caution. Recommend to check with ATC before entering

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28
Q

MOA VR259 watch out for

A

High speed flight above 1500 agl

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29
Q

MOA vR1650 watch out for?

A

High Speed flight below 1500 AGL

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30
Q

NAtional Security Area NSA

A

Thick purple dashed line

Found around government and military operations

Flight can be prohibited by NOTAm and flight below a certain elevation may be requested to be avoided

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31
Q

What is a TFR and how do you know about it

A

Temporary Flight Restriction

Know about it’s requirements by checking the specified notam

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32
Q

What is the ADIZ, where is it located and what are the requirements

A

ADIZ Air Defense Identification Zone

Surround the nations eastern and western boarders

Requires a IFR or Defense VFR flight plan, mode c transponder Similar to B and C airspace, position reports prior to entering, two way radio communications and N numbers

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33
Q

What is the DC FRZ? How big is the FRZ?

A

DC FRZ
Washington DC special flight rules area

15 nm of DCA VOR/DME

You can legally fly into the DC FRZ but a special background check has to be completed and special procedures must be followed

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34
Q

What are elements related to a lost procedure ?

A
  1. Continue to Fly Original Heading a watch for recognize land marks
  2. Plot a point based on estimated distance from last check point based on time and heading draw a circular of error around point approximately 15 nm
  3. Continue straight ahead watching for land marks
  4. If this fail turn towards a concentration of land marks
  5. Climb to gain a better view of surrounding
  6. Contact ATC and request help
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35
Q

How do you calculate the CG with known weight, arm

A

Calculate the total moment

CG= moment / total weight

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36
Q

When request and outlook weather briefing ?

A

Outlook weather briefing is selected when the briefing is requested more than 6 hours before proposed departure time

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37
Q

When to request a standard weather briefing ?

A

A standard weather briefing should be selected to supplement other forecasts or to update a previous briefing

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38
Q

When to request a standard weather briefing ?

A

Request a standard weather briefing when there is less than 6 hours to the proposed departure for a complete weather briefing

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39
Q

Where can you get inflight weather forecasts ?

A
  1. Contacting Flight Service Stations

2. ADS-B

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40
Q

What information do you need to provide when calling for a weather briefing ?

A
  1. Aircraft Identify or Name
  2. Intended Route departure and destination
  3. Type of Aircraft
  4. When you intend to fly
41
Q

What effect does High and Low density altitude have on propeller efficiency?

A

Propeller efficiencies decreases as the density altitude increases

Low density altitude = high propeller efficiency
High density altitude = low propeller efficiency

42
Q

What are the pitot static instruments

A

Airspeed Indicator

Altimeter

Vertical Speed Indicator

43
Q

What are the gyroscopic instruments ?

A

Altitude Indicator (wings on horizon shows rate of turn and if the nose is pointed up or down

Turn Coordinator

Heading Indicator

44
Q

Vacuum powered instruments

A

Heading Indicator

Attitude Indicator

Suction Gage

45
Q

What is electrically powered instrument /gage

A

The turn coordinator

46
Q

What is the difference between an accident and incident ?

A

Accident is an occurrence in which any person suffers serious injury, death or the aircraft receives substantial damage

Accidents must be reported to NTSB within 10 days

Incident is an occurrence other than accident

Incident must be reported if requested by NTSB

Immunity can be granted by self reporting to ASRS aviation safety report system

47
Q

Effects of having the CG too far forward or aft

A

Forward: not able to rotate nose up for take off or flare for landing

Aft: increased potential for stalls

48
Q

7700

A

Emergency and set radio to 21.5

49
Q

7600

A

Radio Failure

50
Q

7500

A

Hijacking

51
Q

7777

A

Military Intercept

52
Q

Airspeed Limitations below 10,000 feet and in class B and C airspace

A

250 knots below 10,000 feet

200 knots in Class C and B airspace

53
Q

What does ARROW stand for

A 
Airworthiness 
Registration
Radio License 
Operating Limitations 
Weight and Balance
54
Q

PAVE

A

Pilot (IMSAFe)

Aircraft (Preflight)

V Environment

External Pressure

55
Q

IMSAFE

A

Illness

Medication

Stress

Fatigue

Emotions

56
Q

AV1ATE

A

Annual 12 calendar month

VOR

100 hour

Altimeter 24 months

Transponder 24 months

ELT 12 months battery when at 50% capacity or used for more than 1 hour

57
Q

ATOMATOFLAMES

A 
Airspeed
Tach
Oil pressure 
Manifold pressure
Altimeter 
Temp 
Oil Temp
Fuel
Landing Gear Indication
Anti-collision lights
Magnetic Compass 
Safety Belt
58
Q

FLAPS Night Require Equipment

A 
Fuses 
Landing Light 
Anti-collision Lights 
Position Lights 
Source of Electricity
59
Q

FAA Advisory Circular 60 is for

A

Airman

60
Q

FAA Advisory Circular 70 is for

A

Airspace

61
Q

FAA Advisory Circular 90 is for

A

Airspace and Operating Rules

62
Q

FAA Advisory Circular 20-50 is for

A

Aircraft

63
Q

What allows pilots to perform preventative maintenance?

A

CFR 14 part 43

64
Q

How long is a medical good for ?

Class 1 , class 2 and Class 3

A

Class 1 for Airline Transporter Pilot
Under 4O
12 calendar months

40 & Older
6 calendar months

Class 2 Commercial Operations
Under 4O
12 calendar months

40 & Older
12 calendar months

Class 3 Private Pilot
Under 4O
60 calendar months

40 & Older
24 calendar months

65
Q

Compass error accelerating and decelerating on heading of east or west

A

ANDS

Accelerate turn North
Decelerate turn South

66
Q

What color are taxi way lights and paint

A

Blue Lights Yellow Paint

67
Q

What color are runway lights ?

A

White

68
Q

What is a REL and what color is it

A

Runway Edge Lights are white and they illuminated the threshold

69
Q

What is hypoxia?

What are Symptoms?

What actions Should be taken ?

A

Lack of Oxygen in the blood stream typically caused by the reduced barometric pressure at altitude

Headache, sweating, blue fingers and lips, feeling euphoric, sleepiness, personality changes and impaired judgement

Begin controlled descent or using supplemental oxygen

For optimum protection use oxygen above 10000 ft day and 5000 ft at night

70
Q

What is hyperventilation?

What is symptoms ?

Why action can be taken?

A

Breathing rate that is too rapid and too deep

Drowsiness, muscle spasms, rapid heart rate, hot and cold sensation, nausea, confusion

Actions Slow breathing by talking or breathing into a bag

71
Q

What does CFR stand for

A

Code of Federal Regulation

72
Q

Hypoxic Hypoxia

A

Due to lack of oxygen in atmosphere

73
Q

Anemic Hypoxia

A

Occurs when there is sufficient oxygen in the lungs but the blood Stream is not able to carry it

Cause by CO poisoning

Greater risk due to smoking or donating blood

74
Q

Stagnant Hypoxia

A

Oxygen is in the blood but circulating thought the body is below normal

Caused by high positive gforce

75
Q

Histotoxic Hypoxia

A

Due to bodies inability to take oxygen it needs from the blood stream

Causes due to drugs and alcohol

76
Q

Middle Ear and Sinus Problems

A

Pain and discomfort in ear or sinus cavities

Caused by air trapped in the cavities and changes in pressure due to changing elevation

Treatment climb to higher altitude and descend gradually, chewing swallowing and yawning

77
Q

Spacial Disorientation

A

Most likely to happen at night or in marginal VFR conditions when the brain receives messages that contradict what the body receives

Graveyard Spiral prolong turn fluid semi canals stops moving creating illusion no longer turning
Coriolis Illusion rapid head movement puts more fluid in one semi canal than the other creating feeling of rotating
Lean after abrupt recover semicircular camel sense lean in the opposite direction
False Horizon

Action Rely on the instruments and be aware of the conditions that encourage the occurrence

78
Q

Motion Sickness

A

Airsickness symptoms dizziness, nausea, sweating paleness and vomiting

Actions sit back and relax or focus outside the aircraft

79
Q

CO poisoning

A

Anemic Hypoxia

Symptoms loss of muscle power, headache, nausea, confusion and dizziness

Actions turn of heater and open the window if possible use supplemental oxygen

80
Q

Stress Overload

A

Stress Management
1 physical fitness
2 recognize and avoid heavy pressures
3 realistic assessment of self and abilities
4 avoid stressful situations and encounters

81
Q

Fatigue

A

Effect
Increases pilot error symptoms lack of attention, concentration, impaired coordination and decreased ability to communicate

Corrective actions
Get plenty of rest

82
Q

Dehydration

A

Symptoms: nausea, dizziness, headache, tiredness and cramps

Action Drink plenty of water

83
Q

Scuba Diving time requirement after the last dive

A

Below 8,000 ft 12 hour for no decompression stops and 24 hours for decompression stops

Above 8000 ft minimum 24 hours after the last dive

84
Q

Alcohol time from last drink and maximum blood alcohol content

A

FAR prohibit flight within 8 hours and with a blood alcohol content above 0.04

85
Q

Drugs

A

Do not fly when taking any medication unless it is appoved by FAA or Medical Examiner

86
Q

What are three Night Visual Illusions

A

Autokinesis staring at a single bright light causes it to move on its own prevent by scanning and referencing instruments

Night myopia night induced nearsightedness prevent by focus on distance light

False Horizon from obscured horizon my focus on stars or bright lights as horizon

87
Q

Required equipment for night flight

A

Working Flashlight

88
Q

Fuel requirements day and night

A

Day 30 minutes extra at cruise speed

Night 45 minutes extra at cruise speed

89
Q

Type of aircraft lighting required at night

A

Position Lighting red on left wing green on right wing and white on tail

Anti-collision Lights beacon light on the tail

90
Q

Partial Power Loss Cause and Action

A

Carburetor Icing turn on Carburetor Heat

Fuel Air Mixture too lean adjust mixture for full power

Bad magneto caught on run up

Fuel contamination catch on preflight

91
Q

Overheat cause and action

A

Lean mixture or climbing at too steep a rate

Or loss of oil pressure which is used to cool the engine

92
Q

First sign of carburetor icing

A

Decrease in engine rpm

93
Q

Electrical Malfunction How to notice and action required

A

Catch by looking for discharging ammeter

Actions reduce electrical load, verify alternator circuit

94
Q

Loss of vacuum pressure cause the malfunction of

A

Heading indicator

Attitude indicator

95
Q

Smoke or fire in engine compartment

A

Shut off fuel and begin emergency landing

96
Q

Electrical Fire noticed by smoke coming from instrument panel

A

Turn off master switch, extinguish fire and land as soon as possible

97
Q

What to do if a door or wind comes open

A

Continue flying the plane if needed land the plane and then close the window or door

98
Q

What are the two types of NOTAMS

A

Notice to Airmen

NOTAM (D) disseminated for all navigation facilities part of US air space

NOTAM (FDZ) contains regulatory information such TFR and amendments to aeronautical charts

99
Q

Why does FARS stand for

A

Federal Aviation Regulations

Private Pilot Oral JP (1 decks)

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