Optometry Practice 2 Flashcards
Self-test about basic knowledge in ophthalmoscopy.
An examination of the back part of the eye, which includes the retina, optic disc, choroid, and blood vessels.
Ophthalmoscopy
Another term for ophthalmoscopy.
Fundoscopy, Funduscopy
The direct ophthalmoscope can magnify upto about how much?
15x
In the direct ophthalmoscope, the slit is used for what?
For gauging convexity or concavity of a retinal lesion
Give 1 ophthalmic drug we use as optometrists to dilate the eyes.
Tropicamide or Phenylephrine
Medical term for the dilation of the pupils.
Mydriasis
What is the normal cup/disc ratio.
1:3
When checking the right eye using the indirect ophthalmoscope, where will you find the optic disc?
Temporal side
When checking for the macula using the direct ophthalmoscope, where will you tell your patient to look?
look at the light
The lens used for indirect ophthalmocope.
condensing lens
If the patient has cataracts, which type of ophthalmoscope will you use to see the fundus better?
indirect ophthalmoscope
A technique to obtain an objective measurement of the refractive error of a patient’s eyes.
Retinoscopy
What type of drugs are used in wet retinoscopy?
cycloplegic drugs
What are the two main factors affecting the movement of the reflex?
EOR of the patient and the working distance
When the reflex is neutral during retinoscopy, what lens will you add?
There is no need to add any lenses.
When using the Welch Allyn ophthalmoscope, what will you use to get a concave effect? Sleeve up or sleeve down?
Sleeve up
If your working distance in retinoscopy is at 20inches, what motion will you see inside the patient’s eye if the refractive error is +1.00Dsph?
with motion
What will be the static retinoscopy gross finding if the refractive error is +1.00Dsph with a working distance of 20inches?
+3.00Dsph
If your working distance during static reti is at 20inches, what will be the refractive error of the patient if the motion is against movement?
Myopia
If your working distance during static reti is at 20inches and you see no motion, what will be the Net finding?
-2.00Dsph
How will you convert a cross cylinder into a sphero cynlinder?
Copy-Subtract-Copy
How will you transpose a plus cylinder into a minus cylinder?
Add-Reverse-Rotate
When you ask the patient to look at a near target, what do you call this type of retinoscopy?
Dynamic
If the patient has astigmatism, what reflex will you see?
Scissors movement, skew reflex
Convert -1.50Dsph = -0.50Dcyl x 90 into plus cylinder form.
-2.00Dsph = +0.50Dcyl x 180
The keratometer is used to measure which part of the eye?
central anterior corneal surface
The keratometer is used to measure how much of the corneal surface?
about 3mm of the central cornea
What will you see inside the keratometer if the patient has dry eyes?
broken circles
Which part of the keratometer will you adjust to fuse the minus signs?
vertical drum
How will you convert the radius in diopters?
(0.3375 / D) x 1000
How will you get the the corneal astigmatism using the keratometer?
Flat reading minus steep reading
What is the physiological astigmatism?
-0.50cyl x 90
A plus cylinder ATR axis is along what meridian?
horizontal meridian
Cornea is a __________ refracting surface. Concave or convex?
convex
When the principal meridians are not perpendicular to each other, this is what type of astigmatism?
Irregular
The test used to measure the pressure inside the eye.
Tonometry
Increased intraocular pressure without other symptoms of glaucoma.
Ocular hypertension
In this type of tonometer, the applanating force is a column of air which is emitted with gradually increasing intensity.
Air-puff Tonometer
This type of tonometer uses a split-image prism such that the image of the tear meniscus is divided into a superior and inferior arc.
Goldmann Applanation Tonometer
What is the normal IOP?
10-20mmHg
This type of slit lamp technique utilizes the reflection of light off of the back of the eye to back lighting structures.
retro-illumination
This dye is placed onto the outer surface of the eye for corneal staining.
Fluoresceine dye
True or false. We can use the fluorescein dye to check the fitting of a soft contact lens.
False. The fluoresceine dye will stain the soft contact lens.
Which technique will you perform to check for the endothelium?
Specular reflection
This technique is particularly suitable for the detection of opacities of the cornea.
Sclerotic Scatter
Is a technique used to determine the size of the anterior chamber angle of the eye.
Van Herrick
This slit lamp auxillary lens is used during slit lamp direct ophthalmoscopy. This provides a stereoscopic view of the retina.
Hruby Lens
This technique provides an overall view of the external eye and its appendages.
Diffuse illumination
This technique allows examination of the iris appearance and condition by extreme oblique illumination with the observation system directly in front of the eye being examined.
Tangential illumination
This filter is used to illuminate the eye following the application of the fluorescein dye.
Cobalt
