Optical Models Of The Eye Flashcards
What are the two categories of model eye
- Encyclopedia
2. The toy train
A model eye is a mechanistic summary of everything we know about the eyes optical system and how it works
The encyclopedia
A model eye is working devide that mimics the functional behavior of real eyes. It can have a variety of embodiments: physical, mathematical, or computational
The toy train
Advantages of encyclopedia model
A compact, working representation of knowledge about ocular mechanisms
Disadvantages of encyclopedia model eye
When all details are included, the model may be too complicated to use
Advantages of toy train model
Real world problems get solved
Disadvantage of toy train
May oversimplify (structurally, mechanistically) important features of the eye
The history of eye models reveals the differences between these two complementary approaches
- Encyclopedic completeness and anatomical correctness
2. Conceptual simplicity and functional utility
Early Greek descriptions of the eye were based on what
More on philosophy than on oberservation
-eye receives receives visual spirit from the brain
Who came up with the binocular aspect
Alhazen
The renaissance of anatomy through observation
- religion prohibited eye dissection until after dark ages
- renaissance overcame 1000 years of adherence to the teachings of the Romans
Early mechanisms of making eyeglasses
The mechanism was magic, likely work of devil
Salvino
First one to show image in retina, not crystalline humor
Kepler
What was the ideal lens shape in 1600s
Spherical
Torricelli
A diagrammatic prevention of framework, that organizes our understanding of a complex system
Schem
A diagram of the eye that summarizes and organizes our understanding of the eye as an optical system. Provides a conceptual framework for thinking about how the retinal image is formed
Schematic eye
Earlier schematic eye drawing
Drawings of Schneider were first functional diagrams that showed refraction of light rays to form an image on the retina
What did Scheiner use his schematic eye for
To think about refractive error and to invent the first optometer
Who independently re discovered snells law?
Descartes
What did Descartes do
Used his analytical powers of analysis to create a schematic representation of the eye plus correcting lens system that explains how spectacles work
What did scheiner and Kepler use phycsical model eyes to explain
How spectacles work
Other than refractive error, what else was a schematic eye used for
Mechanism of accommodation
Who discovered that white light contains a spectrum of colors
Newton
Who developed first model eye
Young
