Optho Flashcards
Bilateral watery discharge of the eyes. They are itchy. It’s transmissible. Periauricular adenopathy on physical exam. Associated with swimming in pools with children. Dx? Rx?
Viral conjunctivitis. No rx. Supportive
Unilateral pustular like discharge. Not itchy. No Preauricular lymphadenopathy. No easily transmissible. Dx? Rx?
Bacterial conjunctivitis. Topical abx.
Feels like sand in patients eyes and she wears contacts. Dx? Test? Rx? Common organism?
Abrasion 2/2 Contact lens associated keratitis 2/2 pseudomonas. Flourescein stain. No therapy, patching doesn’t help it’s contraindicated.
Red swollen, painful eye, sexually active person. Pt also experiences decreased vision. Dx? Test? Rx? What rx to avoid?
Herpes. Flourescin stain shows dendritic pattern. Oral acyclovir or topical trifluridine. Do not use steroids.
Diabetic patient of 20 yrs who didn’t control blood glucose and failed to get annual eye exams Dx? Test? Rx?
Diabetic retinopathy. Fluorescein angiography to check for the proliferation vessels. Rx: Laser photocoagulation or VEGF inhibitors (vesiumab ) - they are injected into the eyes. If too prolong - vitrectomy May needed.
Pt experiences sudden loss of painless vision. She describes it has a curtain coming down. She had trauma to the eye. Dx? Rx?
Retinal detachment. Relax head back to help it fall back into place Surgery, laser, cryotherapy, expansible gas in vitreal cavity. Buckle belt around sclera.
Sudden loss monocular vision loss. On eye exam pale retina with dark macula. Dx? Rx?
Retinal artery occlusion (CRAO) Give 100% 02, Acetozolamide and TPA.
Sudden loss of monocular vision and eye exam shows complete red eye (lots of vasodilation) (extravasation of blood within the retina) with cotton wool spots. Dx? Rx?
Retinal vein occlusion. No specific treatment. Try ranibzumab.
Kid presents wit fever, protosis, restriction of extra ocular muscles, swollen and red eye lids. Dx? Rx?
Orbital cellulitis give cefazolin.
Sudden loss of monocular vision and eye exam shows complete red eye (lots of vasodilation) (extravasation of blood within the retina) with cotton wool spots. Dx? Rx?
Retinal vein occlusion. No specific treatment.
Inflammation of the episclerisl tissue between conjunctiva and sclera. Acute onset of mild to moderate discomfort, photophobia and watery discharge. There is conjunctival injection with episcleritic nodules. Dx?
Episceritis.
Pts are ususally asymptomatic but can experience gradual loss of peripheral vision with eventual tunnel vision. Opthalomoscopy reveals cupping of the optic disc. Dx? Test? Rx?
Open angle glaucoma ( To much aqeus humor production causing progressive optic neuropathy and loss of ganglion cells that leads to atrophy of the optic nerve This causes increase cup/disc ratio > 0.5). Tonometry > 21 mm Hg. Cup to disc ratio > 0.5 Rx. 1. Timilol 2. Dorzolamide 3. Pilocarpine 4. Apralclonidine. 5. Laser trabeculoplasty 6. Surgical trabeculectomy.
Condition where you can squeeze pus out the medial canthal fold of the eye?
Dacrocystitis
Pt presents with severe pain in left eye, blurry vision, nausea, vomiting, Symptoms occured in the movie theatre. On exam her eye is red, hazy cornea, shallow anterior chamber, dilated fixed pupil. Dx?
Acute angle closure glaucoma
Child has loss of red light reflex. She has increased risk of what?
Retinoblastoma. Osteosarcoma.
