opthamology

Question 1

use visine for a maximum of …

Answer 1

3 days

Question 2

this salt form makes the strongest steroids

Answer 2

acetate

Question 3

which type of product is best?

Answer 3

suspension

Question 4

diffuse redness in eye

Answer 4

no pain, sandy/gritty
no ER
treat with visine or something similar

Question 5

upper eye lid blisters

Answer 5

likely irritating and due to allergy
figure out type of allergy
treat? d/c offending agent and switch to something else

Question 6

bacterial conjuctivitis

Answer 6

clear = non-bacterial
yellow = bacteria
treat w antibiotics
-Rx or OTC Neosporin around eye

Question 7

patterend (wagon wheel or sunburst) redness and iritis

Answer 7

likely painful

go to doctor! likely inflammation in the eye

Question 8

one eye cloudy, dilated and red

Answer 8

angle-closure glaucoma = medical emergency!
very painful
bulging eye

Question 9

stye

Answer 9

warm compress

refer if not healing in 72 hours

Question 10

fluorescent green eye

Answer 10

pseudomonas infection

results from wetting contacts w saliva

Question 11

splashed something into eye…

Answer 11

rinse for at least 5 minutes
acids are less damaging than bases
dont rinse w strong stream that could damage the cornea
patient should be referred for emergency care immediately

Question 12

normal intraocular pressure

Answer 12

10-20

Question 13

IOP is a surrogate for…

Answer 13

glaucoma therapy effectiveness

Question 14

goal of glaucoma therapy

Answer 14

prevent blindness

Question 15

beta blockers

Answer 15

timolol, levobunolol, metipranolol, carteolol, betaxolol
given BID
can cause stinging
can cause punctuate keratitis - do not warn initally, but be aware and switch agent if patient presents

Question 16

which BB is Beta-1 specific?

Answer 16

betaxolol

use in patients with pulmonary problems

Question 17

prostaglandin analogues

Answer 17

bimatoprost, latanoprost, travoprost, tafluprost
administed AT BEDTIME
side effects: HA, iris pigmentation*, superficial punctate keratitis, eyelash growth, pain burning stinging, conjunctival hyperemia

Question 18

carbonic anhydrase inhibitors

Answer 18

dorzolamide, brinzolamide
do not give w sulfa allergy
AEs: metallic taste, drowsiness, malasia, parestesias
BOTTLE MUST BE CAPPED to minimize risk of crystallization of the drug
TID or BID (compliance)

Question 19

sympathomimetic agents

Answer 19

brimonidine
give 4 weeks max
BID-TID*

Question 20

high strength steroids

Answer 20

FML acetate*
prednisone acetate
rimexolone*
* = less risk of increase in IOP

Question 21

ocular CS

Answer 21

check IOP in 4 weeks

treat for 4-6 weeks

Question 22

mydriatic cycloplegics

Answer 22

paralyzes eye muscles

atoropine, cyclopentolate, tropicamide