opthamology Flashcards
use visine for a maximum of …
3 days
this salt form makes the strongest steroids
acetate
which type of product is best?
suspension
diffuse redness in eye
no pain, sandy/gritty
no ER
treat with visine or something similar
upper eye lid blisters
likely irritating and due to allergy
figure out type of allergy
treat? d/c offending agent and switch to something else
bacterial conjuctivitis
clear = non-bacterial
yellow = bacteria
treat w antibiotics
-Rx or OTC Neosporin around eye
patterend (wagon wheel or sunburst) redness and iritis
likely painful
go to doctor! likely inflammation in the eye
one eye cloudy, dilated and red
angle-closure glaucoma = medical emergency!
very painful
bulging eye
stye
warm compress
refer if not healing in 72 hours
fluorescent green eye
pseudomonas infection
results from wetting contacts w saliva
splashed something into eye…
rinse for at least 5 minutes
acids are less damaging than bases
dont rinse w strong stream that could damage the cornea
patient should be referred for emergency care immediately
normal intraocular pressure
10-20
IOP is a surrogate for…
glaucoma therapy effectiveness
goal of glaucoma therapy
prevent blindness
beta blockers
timolol, levobunolol, metipranolol, carteolol, betaxolol
given BID
can cause stinging
can cause punctuate keratitis - do not warn initally, but be aware and switch agent if patient presents
which BB is Beta-1 specific?
betaxolol
use in patients with pulmonary problems
prostaglandin analogues
bimatoprost, latanoprost, travoprost, tafluprost
administed AT BEDTIME
side effects: HA, iris pigmentation*, superficial punctate keratitis, eyelash growth, pain burning stinging, conjunctival hyperemia
carbonic anhydrase inhibitors
dorzolamide, brinzolamide
do not give w sulfa allergy
AEs: metallic taste, drowsiness, malasia, parestesias
BOTTLE MUST BE CAPPED to minimize risk of crystallization of the drug
TID or BID (compliance)
sympathomimetic agents
brimonidine
give 4 weeks max
BID-TID*
high strength steroids
FML acetate*
prednisone acetate
rimexolone*
* = less risk of increase in IOP
ocular CS
check IOP in 4 weeks
treat for 4-6 weeks
mydriatic cycloplegics
paralyzes eye muscles
atoropine, cyclopentolate, tropicamide
