Opthalmology Flashcards
1
Q
Name of sign that has infrequent blinking in grave’s disease
A
Von graefe’s sign
2
Q
MC clinical feature of grave’s ophthalmopathy is?
A
Dalrymple’s sign/upper lid retraction
3
Q
Non-pulsatilw proptosis (compressible), increases on bending, no thrill or bruit, MRI shows retrobulbar mass, diagnosis?
A
Orbital varix
4
Q
Pesudoproptosis is seen in?
A
Buphthalmos
5
Q
First muscle to be affected in cavernous sinus thrombosis?
A
LR
6
Q
Infection from dangerous areas of face spreads to cavernous sinus via?
A
Opthalmic veins
7
Q
Sx of choice for panopthalmitis is?
A
Evisceration
8
Q
Uveal melanocytes are derived from?
A
Neural crest
9
Q
By when the optic groove appears?
A
3 weeks/22 days
10
Q
What structure is connected to the whitnall’s tubercle?
A
Check ligament of lateral rectus
11
Q
Location of optic foramen
A
Two roots of the lesser wing of the sphenoid
12
Q
MC structure damaged by damage to optic canal?
A
Optic nerve and opthalmic vein
13
Q
Intrinsic ocular muscle supplied by parasympathetic innervation is?
A
Sphincter pupillae
14
Q
Cornea is supplied by which nerve?
A
Long ciliary nerve
15
Q
Cause of coloboma of optic disc?
A
Incomplete closure of optic fissure
16
Q
Fleischer’s ring is located in?
A
Epithelium
17
Q
Vortex vein invasion is commonly seen in?
A
Malignant melanoma
18
Q
TOC Keratoconus early stages
A
Toric lenses
19
Q
45 yo man constantly changing refractive error is seen in?
A
Uncontrolled diabetic state
20
Q
Cause of unilateral proptosis
A
Optic nerve glioma
21
Q
Which staphyloma occurs in high myopia?
A
Posterior staphyloma
22
Q
Devic disease definition and it doesn’t cause what?
A
It is autoimmune disorder that affects optic nerve and spinal cord but it doesn’t cause night blindness
23
Q
Neoantigen causing sympathetic opthalmia is?
A
Rentinal S antigen
Trauma to one eye releases this protein and causes autoimmune response in both eyes
24
Q
Dalen fuch nodules seen in
A
Sympathetic opthalmitis
25
Expulsive haemorrhage in cataract surgery is due to rupture of?
Short posterior ciliary artery
26
Cogan's syndrome is?
Interstitial keratitis with deafness
27
Fuchs heterochromic iridocyclitis indicates?
Hypopigmented iris
28
Signs of malignant glaucoma
Shallow AC
Raised IOP
Angle closure
Patent peripheral iridectomy
29
Retinal detachment + photopsia + floaters seen in?
Rhegmatogenous RD
30
Effect of age on depth of anterior chamber
Depth decreases with age
31
One of late visual field effects in open angle glaucoma is?
Bjerrum scotoma
32
First line tx of primary open angle glaucoma?
Timolol
33
Anti-glucoma drug that causes drowsiness?
Brimonidine - crosses blood-brain barrier causing CNS depression
34
MOA Latanoprost topically
Increases uveoscleral outflow
35
Shape of pupil in acute congestive glaucoma?
Oval and vertical
36
First drug to be given in acute angle closure glaucoma
Acetazolamide
37
38
MC complication of pars planitis is?
Cystoid macular edema
39
Hollenhorst plague is made of?
Cholesterol
40
Cupliform cataract is type of?
Posterior subscapular cataract
41
Munson's sign is positive in?
Keratoconus
42
Iris pearls seen in?
Lepromatous uveitis
43
Earliest Opthalmoloscopic sign of diabetic retinopathy is?
Microaneurysms
44
Which drug causes Trichomegaly?
Prostaglandins
45
Which drug causes Uveitis?
Prostaglandin analogue, pilocarpine
46
TOC Pigmentary glaucoma
Laser Iridotomy
47
Reverse pupillary block glaucoma is seen in?
Pigmentary glaucoma
48
Krukenburg spindle is seen in?
Pigmentary glaucoma
49
3 Lens glucomas?
Phacomorphic
Phacolytic
Phacoantigenic
50
Dangerous area of eye
Ciliary body
51
Shape of pupil in acute congestive glaucoma?
Mid-dilated, oval and non-reactive
52
Shape of pupil in ant uveitis?
Constricted, non-reactive, irregular
53
Headlight in fog appearance seen in?
Toxoplasma
54
TOC Pars planitis
Sub tinen steroid
55
DOC ANT UVEITIS
Topical steroids
56
Earliest significant visual field defect in glaucoma
Para-central scotoma
57
Roper hall system in eye is used for grading of?
Grading of chemical injuries to the eye
58
59
Specific pattern of cataract is not seen in?
Leprosy
60
Field of vision provided by Hruby lens?
Small FOV with low magnification
Planoconcave lens
61
MCC opthalmia neonatorum
Chlamydia
62
Hard contact lens is made of?
PMMA
63
What do we see in pupil accomodations in Neurosyphilis?
Pupils accomodate but do not react
64
MC primary intraocular malignancy in ADULTS
Malignant melanoma
65
Second sight of old age is seen in?
Nuclear cataract/sclerosis
66
Cherry red spot of macula is a feature of
CRAO
67
Moll glands are examples of?
Apocrine sweat glands
68
Indirect opthamoscopy
Image?
Magnification?
Area of focus?
Condensing lens needed?
Inverted-real image
2-5x
8 disc diameters
Yes needed
69
Late visual field defects in open-angle glaucoma?
Bjerrum glaucoma
70
Distance of fovea from temporal margin of optic disc is?
2 disc diameters
71
Bilateral ptosis is not seen in which syndrome?
Marfan
72
Roth spots are seen in?
Acute leukemia
73
A feature of dry age related macular degeneration?
Drusens
74
MC type of congenital cataract with diminished vision is?
Lamellar cataract
75
Silent choroid on FFA is a feature of?
Stargardt's disease
76
Test done for dry eyes?
Schirmer test
77
Which cerebellar nucleus controls ocular saccades?
Flocculus
78
MC site of globe rupture following trauma is?
Superonasal limbus
79
Vit A dose prophylaxis
0-6 m = 50000 IU
6-11 m = 1 Lac IU
12 m+ = 2 Lac IU
80
Sx mid ear nerve damage + difficulty in ipsilater eye closing + corneal dryness and reduced sensation, which nerve damaged?
7th
81
Finding in pigmentary glaucoma?
Krukenberg spindles
82
MC ocular feature of HIV infection?
Microangiopathy
83
Angle at which letters in Snellen's chart subtend on nodal point of eye?
5 min
84
Location of optic foramen
Two roots of the lesser wing of sphenoid
85
Posterior intraocular lens example?
Modified c-loop type lens
86
Type of cataract in myotonic dystrophy?
Christmas tree cataract
87
Y shaped bilateral lens opacities don't happen in which part of lens?
Fetal lens
88
Cupping, thinning of neuroretinal rim and splinter hemorrhage of optic disc are seen in?
Glaucomatous optic atrophy
89
Color of Fluorescence dye?
Orange
90
Which ophthalmoscope needs binocular vision?
Indirect ophthalmoscope
91
Hess chart is used for?
Monitoring and diagnosing patients with imcomitant strabismus
92
Habbs striae are seen in?
Congenital glaucoma
93
Band shaped keratopathy is caused by?
Calcium
94
Which muscle is resected in Fasanella-servat operation?
Muller's muscle
95
Herbert's pit is a finding in?
Trachoma
96
Breakup of halos in fincham test indicates?
Cataract
97
Riders are seen in?
Zonular cataract
98
Cause of anterior polar cataract?
Penetrating injury of cornea
99
Which cataract shows constantly changing refractive error?
Intumescent cataract
100
Ant lenticonus is found in?
Alport syndrome
101
Steroid induced cataract is?
Post. Subcapsular
102
Polychromatic luster is seen in?
Post. Subcapsular cataract
103
Ectopia lens is found in which conditions?
Marfan syn
Marchesani's syn
Homocystinuria
104
Supra-temporal type of ectopia lentis is characteristic sign of?
Marfan syn
105
Lens capsule is thinnest at?
Post capsule
106
MC type of cataract following radiation is?
Post Subcapsular
107
Lens develops from?
Surface ectoderm
108
Congenital cataract causative gene?
CryG
109
Fleischer's ring is located in?
Epithelium
110
MC Ocular feature in case of marfan syn?
Ectopia lentis
111
Incision length of phacoemulsification is?
2.75-3.2
112
Oil-globule reflex during opthamoscopy is seen in?
Ant. Lenticonus
113
Glass blower's cataract is generally?
Post Subcapsular
114
TOC expulsive haemorrhage in eye?
Immediate wound closure
115
1 mm difference in axial length measurement on biometry would change IOL power by?
2.5D
116
Vossius ring is seen in?
Ant capsule of lens
117
MC complication of hypermature sclerotic cataract is?
Lens dislocation
118
Oldest fibers in lens are located in?
Embryonic nucleus
119
Cupliform cataract is?
Posterior subscapular cataract
120
Drug that causes Anterior Subcapsular cataract?
Amiodarone
121
Expulsive haemorrhage in cataract surgery is due to rupture of?
Short posterior ciliary artery
122
Enzyme responsible for diabetic cataract (accumulation of sorbitol) is?
NADPH Dependent aldose reductase
123
Lens develops from?
Surface ectoderm
124
MC cataract post-radiation
Post Subcapsular
125
DOC Reverse glaucoma
Atropine
126
100 day glaucoma is seen in?
CRAO
127
Painless white eye + IOP 60 mmhg
Glaucomatocyclitic crisis
128
DOC inverse glaucoma
Atropine
129
What rules out open angle glaucoma?
Absence of Cupping of the disc
130
HTN + Glaucoma what's not given?
Dipivefrine - epinephrine prodrug
131
Non-contact type of applanation tonometer
Pulsair
132
Antimetabolite used in filtration surgery is?
Mitomycin C
133
Pain in absolute glaucoma is best relieved by?
Cyclocryotherapy
134
Acute angle closure glaucoma/Acute congestive glaucoma classic sign?
Mid-dilated pupil non-reactive to light
135
Tonography helps to determine?
Facility of outflow of aqueous
136
Glaucoma + asthma + status asthmatics caused by?
Levobunolol
137
Ring scotoma is seen in?
Retinitis pigmentosa - ERG abnormal
138
DOC Bronchial asthma + open angle glaucoma
Betaxolol
139
Inverse glaucoma is seen in?
Spherophakia
140
Essential feature of glaucoma is?
Optic neuropathy
141
Drug that increases trabecular outflow
Pilocarpine
142
Device for self tonometry
Rebound tonometer
143
Laser trabeculoplasty is done for?
Pseudoexfoliative glaucoma
144
Secondary glaucoma associated with angle recession is seen in?
Concussion injury
145
What is the principle in indirect opthalmoscopy?
To make eye highly myopic
146
Principle of phacoprobe?
Phacoemulsification
147
Macula sparing homonymous hemianopia site of lesion?
Occipital lobe
148
Wernicke's hemianopic pupil is due to a lesion in?
Optic tract
149
High hypermetropia is characterized by?
Error >5D
150
Uveal melanocytes come from?
Neural crest
151
MC secondaries of choroid in females? males?
F = breast
M = lungs
152
Arlt's line is seen in?
Trachoma
153
Normal curve in Electrooculography?
185+
154
Ipsilateral optic atrophy + contralateral papilledema are seen in?
Foster-kennedy syndrome
155
Steroids are contraindicated in which oculopathy?
Fungal corneal ulcer
156
Hutchinson's rule is related to?
Herpes zoster opthalmicus
157
Stiles-crawford effect refers to?
More sensitivity of the retina to perpendicular rays than oblique rays
158
Transient hypopyon syndrome is?
Behcet's disease
159
Flower petal pattern is seen in?
Cystoid macular edema
160
Ring lesion of eye is seen in?
Acanthamoeba keratitis
161
HLA-A29 is strongly associated with?
Birdshot retinochoroidopathy
162
Cobblestone appearance seen in?
Keratoconjunctivitis
163
Sago-grain appearance seen in?
Trachoma
164
MC epithelial lacrimal gland tumor?
Pleomorphic adenoma
165
Ophthalmoplegic migraine means?
Headache associated with 3rd. 4th and 6th nerve palsy
166
Aqueous flares and keratic precipitates indicate diagnosis of?
Fuchs' heterochromic iridocyclitis
167
MC ocular motility defect seen in Grave's disease?
Elevator restriction
168
MC cause of secondary open angle glaucoma?
Pseudo exfoliation syndrome
169
Weis operation is done in?
Entropion
170
First order neurons in optic pathway are?
Photoreceptors
171
Final center for horizontal movement of the eye is?
Abducent nucleus
172
MC nerve involved in herpes zoster opthalmicus is?
Frontal
173
Esotropia is seen in?
Hypertropia
