Ops A General Knowledge Flashcards
Low Temp Altimetry
What effect does low temp have on altimeter
Altimeter will overread in low temps
When is cold weather correction required for operations
When temp is lower than -15c
What is rule of thumb altimeter error in cold weather
4% per 10c from ISA
Do ATC cleared altitudes need to be corrected?
No
What is an ADEQUATE airport, what is SUITABLE?
ADEQUATE: meets Perf requirements, ATS, lighting, RFF, wx reporting, LDA, pavement strength
SUITABLE: Adequate plus weather meets mins
What is relationship with PCN and ACN?
PCN should be > or = ACN
What are airport categories A,B,C,D?
A. Unrestricted for CX
B. Usually something non standard, capt only, 13 month validation
C. Require more evaluation
D. Not permitted
RFF. What are the company requirements for destinations and alts
Destination RFF 9 (notam to 7)
Alt RFF 7 (notam to 4)
Load sheet, what needs to be checked when received
Rego Crew BW and Index TO fuel Trip fuel ZFW/TOW/LW/Stab
What parameters will lead to a new Prelim being issued
+/- 300kg
+/- 0.5% MAC
When are Final ZFW, prelim 1 and final 01 issued
Final ZFW: ETD-30
Prelim1: ETD-20
Final01: ETD-8
Documents to be carried on the aircraft
Radio operator licence
C of A
Noise certificate
Cert of Registration
Documents to be carried on aircraft by crew
FCL / Medical Load sheet Maintenance log Ops manual MEL permission
What is minimum ground transit time on turnaround
25mins
Hot cabin policy. What is max cabin temp prior to boarding
28c
After cabin doors closed, can they be reopened?
Only with PIC permission
APU Policy
When can it be used before start and after landing
What cabin temps allow exception to this
Other exceptions
15 mins before dept/5 mins after arrival
If cabin >26 / <14
If no ground air, turnaround <70mins and cabin temp too high or low
Refuelling with pax on board
What are doors requirements?
Open and aero bridge connected to L1 and L2
If only one connected, another needs to be disarmed and cabin crew stationed there
Icing conditions
What conditions must be avoided in flight?
Take off?
Flight. FZDZ, +FZDZ, FZRA, +FZRA
Take off. Above plus hail (GR), heavy snow pellets (+GS), heavy ice pellets (+PL)
When is pre take off contaminant inspection required?
If elapsed time is within HOT
from inside cabin
5 mins prior to takeoff
Check critical surfaces
When is pre take off contamination check required
Exceeded HOT
Externally by staff
Within 5 mins of T/O otherwise back to bay for more deice
What restrictions on FO taxiing
All except icy, 180 degree turns or confined ramps
JFO Limits
Crosswind
Cloud and viz
BTC / STC exceptions
Crosswind 15kts
Cloud <300ft / viz <1500m
BTC full aircraft limit
STC 25kts
Airspace limits
What is buffer around assigned speed in TMA and Cruise
How soon after clearance must you climb or descend
Min ROC/ROD
TMA SPD +/- 5kts, cruise +/-10kts TAS or 0.02MN
1 minute
> 500fpm ie standard rate
ACDM Airport collaborative decision making What is EOBT TOBT TSAT CTOT
EOBT: est off blocks time ( off flight plan)
TOBT: target off blocks time (aim for +/-5 mins)
TSAT: target start up approval time (provided by ATC)
CTOT: calculated take off time
RVSM
Required equipment
2 separate Alt measuring systems 1 auto Alt control system 1 Alt alerting system 1 mode c transponder Altimeter accurate to 75ft 2 altimeter within 200ft of each other
RVSM Procedures
- Overshoot / undershoot limit
- If unable to maintain alt
1.150ft
2. Notify ATC
maintain cleared Alt
Watch for traffic
Alert other aircraft 121.5/123.4
Lights on
Diversion >5nm off airway due weather and can’t contact ATC
000-179
180-359
000-179: left descent 300ft/right climb 300ft
180-359: left climb 300ft/right descend 300ft
What is absolute max wind incl gusts that can take off and land in
55kts
Storms
Lateral clearance
Anything else
20nm clearance
Don’t fly under storm or Nader anvil due hail
Define severe windshear
Airspeed changes >15kts
Very speed >500fpm
Define light / mod / sev turbulence
Light: slight momentary changes of Alt/att
Mod: may see IAS changes, still under control, may be difficult to move around cabin
Sev: large abrupt changes in Alt/att/spd. Cabin tossed about, momentary loss of control
Actions in turbulence
Light
Mod/sev
Light: seatbelts on
Mod/sev: “cc stop service and take your seats”
Contaminated runway definition
> 25% of runway covered by:
3mm water / slush / loose snow
Compressed snow
Sterile cockpit
Engine start to TOC
“30 mins to landing to parked and belts off”
Seatbelt use Ground Climb FL150 Cruise TOD FL200 FL100 5000
Ground: on prior to start Climb: cycle for crew FL150: off if safe Cruise: on in light turb/on+pa in mod/sev TOD: “Cabin crew 30 mins……” FL200: on (don’t cycle) + “prepare cabin….” FL100: cycle 5000: “cabin crew be seated..”
Take off
What do you need to see before entering active
How long can sit on Rwy before telling tower
“Cabin ready”
90 secs
Are published climb gradients mandatory
What are max A330 gradients at MTOW
ISA-15
ISA+25
Published are for AEO, not mandatory for OEI
ISA+15: 12.8%
ISA+25: 11.7%
Dept and climb
What does “maintain rwy heading” mean
Min turn alt
Spd
Apply drift correction except in USA/Can/Aus
Turn 400ft
Max 250 or GD until 5000ft
Stabilised Approach Criteria
FLIGHTPATH (for IAP and visual)
CONFIG/ENERGY
Flightpath:
IAP: By SAP (lower of FAF/FAP/final vectored alt), established on lateral and vertical path and AP/FD modes engaged
VISUAL APP: On profile by 1000ft or
RVR Approach Ban
Above 1000
Blw 1000
Abv 1000ft: if deteriorates can continue to 1000, if stays below then go around
(If RVR not avail can use reported viz but can’t factor)
Blw 1000ft: if deteriorating can continue to mins
RVR: Define visual reference (excepting LVO)
Cat 1/NPA with lights
Cat 1/NPA no lights
Cat 1/NPA with lights: sufficient approach lights and 1 crossbar to ensure flightpath to threshold
Cat 1/NPA no lights: threshold and TDZ must be visible
What is lowest Alt can convert to auto land from ILS
500ft
NPA MDA
MDA +50
Don’t fly level from MDA to MAPt if not visual
How is ALD factored to give RLD
ALD +15% = RLD
Define LVO
TAKE OFF
LANDING
TO: RVR <400
LDG: RVR <550
(CPA use mins in port pages)
What are mins for
Cat 2
Cat 3A
Cat 3B
Cat 2: DH 100ft / TDZ 300m
Cat 3A: DH 50ft / TDZ 200m
Cat 3B: DH 0ft / TDZ 75m
LVO requirements
Both pilots qualified PIC is PF Autoland PEDs off Review port page Need LVO in force (protected area)
What are PALS and what distances
RCLL
PALS precision approach lights
300m before threshold, 900m in
RCLL runway centreline lights
White to 900m
Red/white to 300m
Red to end
Can the aircraft depart with a known unserviceability
Can aircraft depart after the expiry of MEL
Can only depart if unserviceable items are covered by MEL
Cannot despatch although categories B, C, D can be extended one time
MEL category lengths
A
B
C
D
A. Specified time (starts at 00:01 the day after write up)
B. 3
C. 10
D. 120
When can MEL be applied
Anytime up to the point the aircraft is moving under it’s own power for the purpose of taxi
If after this point, then PIC decides to return to gate or go depending on FCOM/QRH/MEL
Oxygen requirements
Flight crew
FL100-250
Abv FL250
FL100-250. 30mins when cabin above FL100
Abv FL250. 2hrs when cabin above FL100
Oxygen requirements
Cabin crew
FL100-250
Abv FL250
FL100-250. Min of 10 mins when cabin above FL120 plus 30 mins when it is above FL100
Abv FL250. Oxy for whole time cabin is above FL100 plus 15 mins portable
When is mandatory use of oxygen required
Cockpit
Cabin
Pax
Cockpit: anytime cabin above 10000ft
Cabin: anytime cabin above 14000ft
Pax: anytime cabin above 14000ft (plus first aid oxy available below)
Will a death in flight lead to a diversion
No not normally
EFB Pre-dispatch check
- iPad to OPERATION mode
- Digital sign on
- Check charging cable, adapter, mounting case
- Check connectivity, location services
- Apps up to date (comply, Jepp, flysmart, flight folder, my flight wx)
- Battery >70% (can be 40 if can charge in flight)
- In aircraft check mount secure, socket working
How many devices required
Ex HK need 2
Outport can have 1
How long is prof check valid
Can it be extended
Valid 6 months
If 2 tests within 4 months can be extended to 13 months
How long is annual line check valid
13 months
How long are emergency procedures valid
12 months
How long is the Operational Training Evaluation (OTE) valid
12 months
What recency applies to FO’s
3 t/o + ldg in previous 90 days
At least 1 t/o + ldg or PC in previous 60 days
FTLs
What is a DDO
Domestic day off is 34hrs incl 2 local nights
How is flight duty period (FDP) measured
Sign on to engine shut down / blocks
FTLs
What is standard reporting time
STD - 60 mins
FTLs
What is finishing time for FDP and DP
FDP is STA
DP is STA + 30
FTLs
In flight rest, with 3 crew when is seat or bunk to be used
<11hrs seat ok
>11hrs bunk req
Max time at controls
8hrs consecutive, 10hrs in total
FTLs
When is a 3rd pilot required
If one sector > 9hrs
Two sectors > 8.5hrs, over 0200-0559
Split duty
How long can extend by and what requirements
Can extend duty by half the rest period, provided:
- Rest >3hrs / <10hrs
- Portion either side of rest is <10hrs
- Max FDP 18 hrs
Can’t use to extend ULRO, LRO or duty already extended
Rest does not include pre/post flight duties and travel time
-rest <6hrs; quite, comfy place, not in public
>6hrs or 22-08; must be accommodation (can be waived)
Can be on a/c if <6, no public, no unloading, maintenance, no pax
In flight relief
How long is min to extend FDP
how long for bunk and seat
Relief must be >3hrs to extend FDP
Bunk: can extend by half of rest time up to 18hrs
Seat: can extend by 1/3 up to 15hrs
(Relief can’t be greater than sector time minus 1hr)
LRO
Max duty for 3, 4 pilots
3 pilots max FDP is 14.75 or 13 unacclimatised
4 pilots max FDP is 18hrs, no more than 2 sectors
ULRO
how long, how many sectors
4 pilots, single sectors, max of 19hrs
One sector per FDP
(Can do a second at commanders discretion)
Reserve Min report time Max reserve duty Max FDP if called <10hrs before duty Airport reserve
2:15
Max res is 12hrs
If called <10 then max duty is 23hrs from start of res to end of duty
Airport reserve, FDP is from start of duty
Rest periods
Min rest, plus reduction
Travel time considerations
Min in hotel
Previous duty or 12hrs, can reduce to 11
If travel to hotel >30mins each way, need to increase rest by extra to cover
Need 10hrs in hotel
FTLs
Flight Time limits 28days, 12 months
Duty limits 7/14/28 days
FT: 100hrs in 28days, 900hrs in 12mnths
DT: 55 in 7 (extend to 60 or 70 for positioning )
95 in 14
190 in 28
