Opposition- Alexander III Flashcards
What was the emancipation of labor?
Founded in 1883 by Georgi Plekhanov, they translated and smuggled Marxist texts into Russia.
What happened to the people’s will after 1881?
Members were arrested and their leaders were executed.
Which movement began to take off in the 1880s?
The social democratic movement, the distinct party was formed in 1898.
Why did the social democrats have limited success?
There urban proletariat was not large enough, there was not really an audience for their ideas.
Give two reasons opposition had limited success
- The extreme measures of the okhrana and strict censorship. 2. Reduction in powers of the zemstva.
What event increased opposition?
1891 famine, the autocracy had shown its inability to deal with crisis, it had resulted in 350,000 deaths and the peasants were largely blamed.
How did Russification effect opposition?
Lead to a growth in opposition, especially amongst Jews who were targeted by the may laws and pogroms. Many future Bolshevik leaders such as kamenev and Trotsky came from Jewish backgrounds.
What happened in 1887?
The people’s will attempted to assassinate Alexander III, some of their members, included Lenin’s brother alexsander, were hanged.
How else did Alexander deal with opposition?
Took control of the press, closing 14 newspapers 1882-9 for liberal ideas. All foreign material was checked by the okhrana and censored.
What were the consequences of Alexander’s treatment of opposition?
Very successful in the short term to suppress opposition, but would have cataclysmic consequences in the long term as he did not address any opposition and merely allowed resentment to build up.
