Opportunistic Infections Flashcards
number of factors that can predispose an individual to an opportunistic infection
decreased or altered immune system function
alterations in innate protective mechanisms
breach in physical barriers
opportunistic infection
pathogens that are capable of causing disease only in compromised people
why are opportunistic infections increasing?
- increased scope of surgical treatments, implants, transplants
- increased use of indwelling devices such as catheters
- increased capacity to sustain the chronically ill
- increased use of medical interventions that directly and substantially affect the immune system
- immunosuppression due to primary infection (AIDS)
- increased use of antibiotics
virulence factors of opp. pathogens
- LPS
- cell to cell surface structures that aid in colonization of host surfaces
- factors involved in nutrient acquisition from host
- toxins and secreted enzymes
nosocomial infections
hospital-acquired infections
resistance can be
innate (intrinsic antibiotic resistance) or acquired
ecoli can cause..
gastrointestinal infections
UTI
bacteremia
meningitis
normal flora can cause
UTI
bacteremia
meningitis
sources of uti ecli
sexual intercourse
catheters
two clinical syndromes of uropathogenic ecoli
Cystitis
acute pyelonphritis
what is the bact/ml in urine for an infection
10^5 bacterial/ml
or 1000 cfu/ml
Ppili
mediate attachment of bacteria to the P blood group globoseries Gal-Gal constituent of glucoplipids present on uroepithelial cells and erythrocytes
mannose resistant means
binding to cell surfaces is not blocked by mannose
