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OPP III, Exam 1 > OPP Exam 2 > Flashcards

OPP Exam 2 Flashcards

1
Q

HVLA: Mechanism of Treatment

A
  • Restoration of Motion IN the joint
  • Restoration of normal proprioceptive input FROM the joint
  • Reflex relaxation of muscles surrounding joint
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2
Q

HVLA: Absolute Contraindications

A

RA, Down Syndrome, Chiari malformation,
Klippei Fiel Syndrome, blocked vertebrae
Advanced carotid disease, local metastases
local osseous or ligamentous disruption
Osteoarthritic joint with ankylosis
severe herniated disc, Patient apprehension, unskilled physician.

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3
Q

Thoracic HVLA: NEUTRAL + SEATED!

Note: If RR, then Right hand is on the back + Vice Versa

A

DX: Neutral SLRR

Patient: Seated (straddle table) + Cross armed
Left Hand: Under left arm and across chest to SHOULDER
Right Hand: HYPO-THENAR eminence on TP + Right elbow on hip!

Patient: FLEX OR EXTENDED
HVLA Force: ANTERO-SUPERIORLY

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4
Q

Thoracic HVLA: Supine Position

Neutral vs non neutral

A

Thenar Eminence Position

  • Neutral: Upper of the two vertebra
  • Non-neutral: Lower of the two vertebra
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5
Q

Characteristics of a myofascial tenderpoint

A 
Hyperirritable spot
Taut Band
Painful on compress
Refers pain
AUTONOMIC phenomenon
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6
Q

Visualization of Tenderpoints

A

Ultrasound and EMG activity

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7
Q

Peripheral nociceptor afferents go to _____ of spinal chord

A

Dorsal Horn

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8
Q

NORMAL afferent signals can excite…

A

BOTH somatic AND visceral efferents.

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9
Q

Viscerosomatic Reflex of the Heart

A

Somatic dysfunction in T1-4, especially 3-4.

Note: Posterior chapman reflex points = T2-T4

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10
Q

Referred Pain of the Heart

A

Left Arm
Anterior Chest Wall
Left Jaw
Upper Back

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11
Q

Cross-organ sensitization aka

A

viscero-viscero reflexes

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12
Q

Reason why breast becomes hard after child birth of find tumor in either breasts

A

VENOUS system (azygos and mammary veins) has failed to return blood supplied by MAMMARY and INTERCOSTAL arteries.

Clavicles and Ribs (1-8) are found to be dislocated on the sternum or vertebrae.

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13
Q

Sternum: Regions and Functions

A

Regions: Manubrium, body, and xyphoid process

F(x): Protects heart, lungs, etc.

Accessory site for hematopoesis, often site for bone marrow biopsies (!)

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14
Q 
Rib Muscle Attachments 
Rib 1: 
Rib 2: 
Rib 3-5:
Rib 6-9: 
Rib 10-11:
Rib 12:
A 
Rib 1: Anterior and Middle Scalenes
Rib 2: Posterior Scalenes
Rib 3-5: Pectoralis Minor
Ribs 6-9: Serratus Anterior
Ribs 10-111: Latissimus Dorsi
Rib 12: Quadratus Lumborm
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15
Q

Costochondritis: Symptoms

A
  • Upper costal cartilages at the costochondral or costosternal junctions are most frequently involved
  • Area of tenderness are NOT ACCOMPANIED by heat, erythema, or localized swelling.
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16
Q

Breast Venous drainage

A
  • Axillary Vein + superficial Lateral Thoracic Vein

- Azygos, accessory hemiazygos, and hemiazygos vein + intercostal vein.

17
Q

Breast Blood Supply

A

(Bolded) - Posterior and anterior intercostal arteries.
2/3 - internal mammary/thoracic artery (from subclav.)
1/3 - lateral thoracic artery (supplies upper outer quad.)

18
Q

Osteopathic 5 Model Approach

A 
Biomechanics Model
Respiratory-Circulatory Model
Neurological Model 
Metabolic-Energy Model
Behavioral Model
19
Q

Cranial Bones at Birth: Parts of Temporal (Focus)

A

3 parts: Petrosal, squamous and mastoid

20
Q

Cranial Bones at Birth: Parts of Occipital (Focus)

A

4 parts: Base, Squama, 2 lateral condylar parts

NOTE: Most commonly susceptible to somatic dysfunction from birthing process (!!!)

21
Q

Cranial Bones at Birth: Parts of Sphenoid (eh)

A

3 parts: Central body with lesser wings, 2 greater wings, pterygoid processes

22
Q

Cranial Bones at Birth: Parts of Frontal (eh)

A

Metopic suture present

23
Q

Temporal Bone Symmetry

A

Externally rotated: tip of mastoid is posteromedial/less prominent

Internally rotated: Tip of mastoid is anterolateral or more prominent

Note: asymmetry = position of the occiput as the temporal bone moves in relation

24
Q

Somatic Dysfunction in Newborns:

Plagiocephaly, Parellelogram, Respiratory, and Roticollis

A

Plagiocephaly: Flat spot on baby’s head

Parellelogram: abnormal position/movement of the eye

Respiratory: Irregular breathing due to truama, thoracic diaphragm, etc.

Torticollis: “wry neck”, shortening of SCM on one side, restriction of motion.

25
Q

Cranial Nerves that go through Jugular Foramen

A

IX, X, XI

26
Q

4 motions of the Clavicle: Sternoclavicular Joint

A

Superior and Inferior Glide
Anterior and Posterior Glide
Abduction and Adduction
Flexion and Extension

27
Q

Coupled Motion of the Clavicle: At Sternoclavicular joint

Note: SC Joint and AC Joint motions are opposite!

A

Inferior Glide, Anterior Glide, and Flexion = together

Superior Glide, Posterior Glide, and Extension = together

28
Q

Ligaments at the sternoclavicular joint

A

Ligamentous Attachments

  • Interclavicular
  • Sternoclavicular
  • Costoclavicular
29
Q

Anterior + Posterior Rib Tenderpoints

A

Anterior Tenderpoints = depressed ribs

Posterior Tenderpoints = elevated ribs

Note: Counterstrain hold = 120 seconds.

30
Q

If a child has an increased respiratory rate, which cranial dysfunction/bone is it due to..

A

parallelogram, temporal bone

31
Q

What year does the foramen magnum form?

A

6 years old

32
Q

OPP Treatment contributes to children with… (4)

A

1) Recurrent ear infections (otitis media)
2) Developmental delays (helped with learning)
3) Autism spectrum disorders
4) Behavior problems - night terrors; temper tantrums.

33
Q

Breast Location

A
  • Between ribs 2 - 6

- Between Sternal edge and midaxillary line

34
Q 
Acute Lumbar Disc Herniation 
L1-L4
L3-L4
L4-L5
L5-S1
A
  • L1-L4 = Refer pain to the anterior aspect of the thigh, not below the knee
  • L3-L4 = Weakness in anterior tibialis muscle, numbness in shin, asymmetry in the patellar reflex
  • L4-L5 = Weakness of the extensor hallucis longus muscle, numbness in the top foot, pain in the postero-lateral thigh
  • L5-S1 = gastrocnemius-soleus complex, greater toe flexor, asymmetry of Achilles reflex
35
Q

Level of conus medularis + levels of Cauda Equina + Emergency situation

A

Conus Medularis = Ends at L1-L2

Cauda Equina = L2 - S4

Difficulty voiding/loss of bowel and bladder = surgical emergency (Due to S3-S4 compression)

36
Q

Spondylolisthesis (L4-S1) Classification Types

A 
Type I = Dysplastic
Type II = Isthmic
Type III = Degenerative 
Type IV = Traumatic 
Type V = Pathologic

OPP III, Exam 1 (1 decks)

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