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OPP Midterm > OPP > Flashcards

OPP Flashcards

1
Q

Hip Flexors

A

Iliopsoas (iliacus and psoas major)

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2
Q

Hip Adductors

A

adductor brevis, longus, and magnus
Gracilis
Pectineus

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3
Q

Hip Extension, abduction and Flexion

A

Gluteus maximus, medius, minimus

tensor fascia latae

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4
Q

Lateral rotators

A

Piriformis
Obturator internus and externus
superior and inferior gemelli
quadratus femoris

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5
Q

Steps for pelvis DX

A

1- lateralization test (standing flexion test and ASIS compression test) - name the SD based on laterization test!!!!
2- seat the pelvis - pt supine
3- assess anterior landmarks (ASIS & pubic tubercles)\
4- pt prone - seat pelvis
5- assess posterior landmarks (PSIS)
6- stick to your guns

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6
Q

Stick to your guns

A

Index finger is ASIS

Thumb is PSIS

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7
Q

Right Anterior Innominate Rotation

A

Dysfunction is on Right
Right ASIS inferior
Right PSIS Superior
Remember Anterior Innominate rotation causes a longer leg

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8
Q

Right Posterior Innominate Rotation

A

Dysfunction is on R
Right ASIS Superior
Right PSIS Inferior
Remember posterior innominate rotation causes a shorter leg

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9
Q

Right Superior Innominate Shear

A

Dysfunction is on R
Right ASIS superior
Right PSIS superior

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10
Q

Right Inferior Innominate Shear

A

Dysfunction is on R
R ASIS inferior
R PSIS inferior

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11
Q

Right innominate inflare

A

Dysfunction is on R

R ASIS medial (compared to left)

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12
Q

Right innominate outflare

A

Dysfunction is on R

R ASIS Lateral (compared to L)

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13
Q

Right superior pubic shear

A

dysfunction is on R
R pubic tubercle superior
Tender pubic symphysis

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14
Q

Right interior pubic shear

A

Dysfunction in on the R
R pubic tubercle inferior
Tender pubic symphysis

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15
Q

Anterior Innominate ME or inferior pubic shear (Set up and CI)

A

Flex hip to restricted barrier
Pull anteriorly on ischial tuberosity
activation - Pt extends at hip

CI - acute pelvis fracture, SI joint inflammation, severe hip arthritis

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16
Q

Anterior innominate thrust - supine

A

grasp left above ankle, lift leg to 30 degrees hip flexion, abduct and internally rotate
Pt take deep breath and then quick tug
CI - acute SI sprain, hip or knee instability, SI joint hypermobility

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17
Q

Posterior Innominate ME (also can use with superior pubic shear)

A

extend hip to restricted barrier
Hold contralateral ASIS
activation - pt flexes hip
CI - acute pelvis fracture, SI joint inflammation, Severe hip arthritis

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18
Q

Posterior innominate thrust (can use on superior innominate shear)

A

grasp leg at ankle, abduct and internally rotate, then have pt breath in and out and tug
CI - acute SI sprain, hip or knee instability, SI joint hypermobility

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19
Q

Ilium Inflare ME

A

abduct hip to restricted barrier, hold contralateral ASIS
Activation - pt adducts knee
CI - acute pelvis fracture, SI joint inflammation, severe hip arthritis

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20
Q

Ilium outflare ME

A

adduct hip to restricted barrier, pull laterally on PSIS

Activation - pt abducts knee

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21
Q

Pubic ME/Thrust

A

for pubic symphysis compression or shear
TX - have pt put knees together, then push their knees apart against resistance, separate pt knees and have pt push their knees together against resistance
repeat 3-5 times
Thrust - short and quick lateral push to overcome the patient pushing their knees together

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22
Q

Piriformis Syndrome

A

presentation: aching lbp aggravated by sitting, paresthesia down ipsilateral posterior thigh
OSE: piriformis TP and hypertonicity, positive SLR test
Action of piriformis - externally rotates femur with hip extension and abducts femur with hip flexion

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23
Q

Psoas Syndrome

A

presentation - flexed to one side, lbp made worse with extension, inability to lay prone
OSE: TP 1 inch medial and slightly inferior to ASIS, ipsilateral restricted hip extension
action of psoas - flexes thigh at hip joint, flexes trunk

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24
Q

Iliolumbar Ligament Syndrome

A

function: restrict motion of the lumbosacral junction
Presentation: lbp made worse with flexion, referred pain to ipsilateral groin, hip, SI region, and lateral thigh
OSE: tenderness on iliac crest 1 inch superior and lateral to PSIS

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25
Q

Short Leg Syndrome

A

presentation: back, hip and leg pain
OSE: short leg side- forward sacral torsion, convex lumbar curve , compensatory anterior innominate shear
Long leg side - pelvic, side shift, pronated foot, concave lumbar curve
Unlevel sacral base can cause scoliosis - acute -> C scoliotic response & chronic - S scoliotic response

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26
Q

Celiac Plexus T5-9

A

esophagus and upper GI organs

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27
Q

Superior mesenteric plexus T10-11

A

small bowel, appendix, right colon

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28
Q

Inferior mesenteric T12-L2

A

Left colon

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29
Q

Autonomics HEad and Neck

A

Sym: T1-4
Para: Vagus

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30
Q

Autonomics Cardiovascular

A

Sym: T1-5
Para: Vagus

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31
Q

Autonomics Respiratory

A

Sym: T2-7
Para: Vagus

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32
Q

Autonomics Stomach, liver, gallbladder

A

Sym: T5-9
Para: Vagus

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33
Q

Autonomics Pancreas

A

Sym: T5-11
Para: Vagus

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34
Q

Autonomics Small intestines

A

Sym: T9-11
Para: Vagus

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35
Q

Autonomics Ovaries, Testicles

A

Sym: T9-10
Para: S2-4

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36
Q

Autonomics Kidneys Ureters Bladder

A

Sym: T10-L1
Para: S2-4

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37
Q

Autonomics Colon, Rectum

A

Sym: T8-L2
Para: ascending, proximal and 1/2 of transverse - vagus
rest is S2-4

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38
Q

Autonomics Uterus

A

Sym: T10-L1
Para: S2-4

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39
Q

Autonomics Prostate

A

Sym: L1-2
Para: S2-4

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40
Q

Tension headaches are usually?

A

Bilateral

worse with flexion due to stretch

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41
Q

Cervicogenic headaches are usually?

A

unilateral

Worse with extension due to arthralgia or neuralgia

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42
Q

Vertebral artery challenge screens for?

A

vertebral insufficiency

rotation compresses opposite vertebral artery

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43
Q

Direct treatments for upper cervical somatic dysfunctions are CI when?

A

positive cervical compression or vertebral artery challenge tests

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44
Q

Sacral motion

Sacral Base anterior

A

anatomical flexion
forward bending
occurs when SBS of the head is in extension

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45
Q

Sacral motion - sacral base posterior

A

anatomical extension
backward bending
occurs when SBS of the head is in flexion

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46
Q

Sacral Landmarks

Sacral Base & Inferior Lateral Angle

A

sacral base - medial to PSIS (identify one that is anterior)

ILA - palpated lateral to the base of coccyx (identify side that is more posterior and/or inferior)

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47
Q

Sacral torsion

A

L5 rotates in opposite direction of sacrum

48
Q

L5 follows which Fryette’s mechanics in forward torsion

A

Type 1
L5 always side-bends to the side of the oblique axis
Only torsions exist for boards so sacrum will be rotated opposite of L5 for DX

49
Q

L5 follows which Fryette mechanics in backward torsion?

A

Type 2
L5 always side-bends to the side of the oblique axis
Only torsions exist for boards so sacrum will be rotated opposite of L5 for DX

50
Q

Steps for making a sacral DX

A

1- perform seated flexion test (make sure feet are on floor)/ASIS compression test
2- palpate sacral landmarks (sacral base/ILA)
3- Spring test
4- Backward bending test
5- palpate L5 (if there is an oblique axis)

51
Q

What seated flexion/ASIS compression test tells you

A

positive test indicates the sacral oblique axis is on opposite side
(+ R ASIS compression test -> L oblique axis)

52
Q

Negative test means??

A

sacrum is flexed!! (forward sacral torsions/rotations or unilateral or bilateral flexions) R/R or L/L

53
Q

Positive test means??

A

sacrum is extended!!! (backward sacral torsion/rotation or unilateral or bilateral extension) R/L or L/R

54
Q

Resistance to springing in spring test =?

A

positive test (sacral extension or backward torsions)

55
Q

ease of springing in spring test =?

A

negative test (sacral flexion or forward torsions)

56
Q

Increased sacral base asymmetry =?

A

positive test (sacral extension or backward torsions)

57
Q

Decreased sacral base asymmetry =?

A

negative test (sacral flexion or forward torsions)

58
Q

Unilateral Sacral Flexion

A

base anterior and ILA posterior/inferior or same side as ASIS compression test

59
Q

Unilateral Sacral Extension

A

base anterior and ILA posterior/inferior on opposite side of ASIS compression test

60
Q

Sacral rotation

A

L5 rotation same as sacrum

61
Q

L on L torsion what are findings?

A 
R ASIS compression test
L oblique axis 
R anterior sacral base
L posterior ILA
L5 rotated R 
and negative spring test/backward bending test
62
Q

Anterior Sacral base and posterior/inferior ILA on same side and neg ST and BBT then =?

A

unilateral sacral flexion

63
Q

anterior sacral base and posterior/inferior ILA on same side and pos ST and BBT then =?

A

unilateral sacral extension

64
Q

Anterior sacral base and posterior/inferior ILA on opposite sides and neg ST and BBT =?

A

forward sacral torsion (L5 rotate opposite of sacrum) or forward sacral rotation (L5 rotates with sacrum)

65
Q

Anterior sacral base and posterior/inferior ILA on opposite sides and pos ST and BBT =?

A

backward sacral torsion or backward sacral rotation ( L5 rotates with sacrum)

66
Q

R/L findings which is rotation and which is axis?

A

1st is rotation of sacrum

2nd is oblique axis

67
Q

Forward sacral torsion ME

A

axis side down with chest on table
flex hips and knees until motion at lumbosacral junction
allow legs to hang off side of table then push down 3-5 times

68
Q

Backward sacral torsion ME

A

pt lie on axis side down and upper back on table
flex top leg until movement felt at junction, push down on top leg and have pt push up against resistance
do 3-5 times

69
Q

sacral extension ME

A

pt prone and stand on affected side
put thenar on involved sacral base
other hand abduct and internally rotate LE
have pt breath in and out and push sacrum into flexion during exhalation

70
Q

Sacral flexion ME

A

pt prone and stand on affected side
place thenar on ILA and push it anteriorly and superiorly
other hand abduct and internally rotate LE
have pt breath in and out and push sacrum into extension during inhalation and resist sacral flexion during exhalation

71
Q

CP Middle ear A & P

A

A- superior to medial clavicles

P - C1 posterior rami

72
Q

CP sinuses A & P

A

A- inferior to medial clavicles

P - C2 articular pillars

73
Q

CP Pharynx A & P

A

A - inferior to sternoclavicular joints

P- C2 articular pillars

74
Q

CP Tonsils A & P

A

A- medial 1st intercostal space

P- C2 articular pillars

75
Q

CP tongue A & P

A

A- medial 2nd ribs

P- C2 articular pillars

76
Q

CP Esophagus, thyroid, heart A & P

A

A- medial 2nd intercostal

P - T2 transverse process

77
Q

CP Upper lung, arm A & P

A

A- Medial 3rd intercostal

P - T3 transverse process

78
Q

CP lower lung A &P

A

A -medial 4th intercostal spaces

P- T4 transverse process

79
Q

CP Liver A&P

A

A - R medial 5th and 6th intercostal spaces

P- R T5 and T6 transverse process

80
Q

CP Stomach Acidity A & P

A

A- L medial 5th intercostal space

P- L T5 transverse process

81
Q

CP Gallbladder A & P

A

A- R medial 6th intercostal space

P- R T6 transverse process

82
Q

CP Pancreas A & P

A

A - R medial 7th intercostal space

P - R T7 transverse process

83
Q

CP Spleen A&P

A

A- L medial 7th intercostal space

P- L T7 transverse process

84
Q

AP Small intestine A&P

A

A - medial 8th-10th intercostal spaces

P- T8-10 transverse process

85
Q

CP Pyloris A&P

A

A- Midline body of sternum

P- T9 transverse process

86
Q

CP Adrenals A&P

A

A- 1 inch lateral and 2 inch superior to umbilicus

P- T11 transverse process

87
Q

CP Kidneys A&P

A

A- 1 inch lateral and 1 inch superior to umbilicus

P - L1 transverse process

88
Q

CP Bladder A&P

A

A- periumbilical

P- L2 transverse process

89
Q

CP intestine peristalsis A&P

A

A - 1-2 inch inferior and lateral to ASIS

P - between T10 and T11 transverse process

90
Q

CP Appendix A & P

A

A- tip of 12th rib

P- R T11 transverse process

91
Q

CP Ovaries A&P

A

A- pubic tubercles

P - T10 transverse process

92
Q

CP urethra A&P

A

A - pubic tubercles

P - L3 transverse process

93
Q

CP Uterus A&P

A

A- inferior pubic rami

P - L5 transverse process

94
Q

CP Rectum A&P

A

A- lesser trochanters

P- lateral aspect of middle sacrum

95
Q

CP Colon A&P

A

A- anterior iliotibal bands

P - L2-4 transverse process

96
Q

CP Prostate, broad ligament A&P

A

A - lateral iliotibial bands

P - PSIS

97
Q

Amblyopia OMT TX in kids

A

treated early to stregthen weak/affected eye

TX: OMT cranial techniques to decompress abducens n (CN VI)

98
Q

Asthma OMT TX in kids

A

chronic obstructive lung disease, diaphragm is flatter in young children
Goals of treatment - maintain function and balance use diaphragms/pumps w/o rebound & sympathetic and parasympathetic normalization
AVOID - techniques that increase inhalation or that use sudden rapid inhalation forces (rebound)

99
Q

Common Cold OMT TX in kids

A

Use lymphatics -> diaphragm restrictions or liver/spleen pumps
Cranio-facial techniques - facial effleurage, trigeminal stimulation, cranial lifts

100
Q

Otitis Media OMT TX in kids

A

cranial base strains, lymphatic disruptions

Galbreath mandibular drainage technique

101
Q

Headache red flags

A 
abnormal neuro exam
hx of trauma
pain wakes up child from sleep
associated with altered mental status
chronic, progressive pattern
102
Q

Headache OMT TX in kids

A

Common findings - OA extension, TP in deep extensors of head, SBS compression
Treat what you find

103
Q

Scoliosis dx criteria

A

<25 degrees conservative tx
>25 degrees orthotic bracing considered
>40 degrees bracing is highly recommended

104
Q

Scoliosis OMT TX in kids

A

focus on compensatory changes and improve function

Rib motion, pelvic and sacral base asymmetries, leg length discrepancies, head and neck dysfunctions

105
Q

Back pain OMT TX in kids

A

spondylolysis/spondylolisthesis is the MCC of back pain in pediatric athletes
TX any somatic dysfunctions once spondylolysis R/O

106
Q

Nursemaids elbow (radial head subluxation)

A

presentation - flexed elbow, hand pronated, arm adducted, and internally rotated
TX - supination with flexion or pronation with extension

107
Q

Constipation OMT TX in kids

A

transverse diaphragms, pelvic strains, sacral dysfunctions, sympathetic and parasympathetic normalization (OA, sacrum, thoracic and lumbar spine & abdominal sphincters)

108
Q

ADHD OMT TX in kids

A

check for cranial strain patterns and cervical tension and treat any somatic dysfunctions

109
Q

Axis of movement of sacrum during inhalation

A

Will move about superior transverse axis

sacral base posterior

110
Q

Axis of movement of sacrum during exhalation

A

Move about superior transverse axis

sacral base anterior

111
Q

Superior transverse axis of sacrum

A

respiration and inherent motions of CRI

112
Q

During cranial flexion how does sacrum move?

A

sacral base posterior

113
Q

During cranial extension how does sacrum move?

A

sacral base anterior

114
Q

Middle transverse axis

A

motion of sacrum when torso moves (postural)
when torso flexed -> sacral base anterior
when torso extended -> sacral base posterior

115
Q

Inferior Transverse Axis

A

movement of ilium on the sacrum

occurs during innominate rotations (pelvic SD)

OPP Midterm (1 decks)

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