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OPP Midterm > OPP > Flashcards

OPP Flashcards

1
Q

Hip Flexors

A

Iliopsoas (iliacus and psoas major)

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2
Q

Hip Adductors

A

adductor brevis, longus, and magnus
Gracilis
Pectineus

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3
Q

Hip Extension, abduction and Flexion

A

Gluteus maximus, medius, minimus

tensor fascia latae

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4
Q

Lateral rotators

A

Piriformis
Obturator internus and externus
superior and inferior gemelli
quadratus femoris

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5
Q

Steps for pelvis DX

A

1- lateralization test (standing flexion test and ASIS compression test) - name the SD based on laterization test!!!!
2- seat the pelvis - pt supine
3- assess anterior landmarks (ASIS & pubic tubercles)\
4- pt prone - seat pelvis
5- assess posterior landmarks (PSIS)
6- stick to your guns

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6
Q

Stick to your guns

A

Index finger is ASIS

Thumb is PSIS

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7
Q

Right Anterior Innominate Rotation

A

Dysfunction is on Right
Right ASIS inferior
Right PSIS Superior
Remember Anterior Innominate rotation causes a longer leg

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8
Q

Right Posterior Innominate Rotation

A

Dysfunction is on R
Right ASIS Superior
Right PSIS Inferior
Remember posterior innominate rotation causes a shorter leg

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9
Q

Right Superior Innominate Shear

A

Dysfunction is on R
Right ASIS superior
Right PSIS superior

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10
Q

Right Inferior Innominate Shear

A

Dysfunction is on R
R ASIS inferior
R PSIS inferior

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11
Q

Right innominate inflare

A

Dysfunction is on R

R ASIS medial (compared to left)

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12
Q

Right innominate outflare

A

Dysfunction is on R

R ASIS Lateral (compared to L)

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13
Q

Right superior pubic shear

A

dysfunction is on R
R pubic tubercle superior
Tender pubic symphysis

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14
Q

Right interior pubic shear

A

Dysfunction in on the R
R pubic tubercle inferior
Tender pubic symphysis

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15
Q

Anterior Innominate ME or inferior pubic shear (Set up and CI)

A

Flex hip to restricted barrier
Pull anteriorly on ischial tuberosity
activation - Pt extends at hip

CI - acute pelvis fracture, SI joint inflammation, severe hip arthritis

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16
Q

Anterior innominate thrust - supine

A

grasp left above ankle, lift leg to 30 degrees hip flexion, abduct and internally rotate
Pt take deep breath and then quick tug
CI - acute SI sprain, hip or knee instability, SI joint hypermobility

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17
Q

Posterior Innominate ME (also can use with superior pubic shear)

A

extend hip to restricted barrier
Hold contralateral ASIS
activation - pt flexes hip
CI - acute pelvis fracture, SI joint inflammation, Severe hip arthritis

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18
Q

Posterior innominate thrust (can use on superior innominate shear)

A

grasp leg at ankle, abduct and internally rotate, then have pt breath in and out and tug
CI - acute SI sprain, hip or knee instability, SI joint hypermobility

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19
Q

Ilium Inflare ME

A

abduct hip to restricted barrier, hold contralateral ASIS
Activation - pt adducts knee
CI - acute pelvis fracture, SI joint inflammation, severe hip arthritis

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20
Q

Ilium outflare ME

A

adduct hip to restricted barrier, pull laterally on PSIS

Activation - pt abducts knee

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21
Q

Pubic ME/Thrust

A

for pubic symphysis compression or shear
TX - have pt put knees together, then push their knees apart against resistance, separate pt knees and have pt push their knees together against resistance
repeat 3-5 times
Thrust - short and quick lateral push to overcome the patient pushing their knees together

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22
Q

Piriformis Syndrome

A

presentation: aching lbp aggravated by sitting, paresthesia down ipsilateral posterior thigh
OSE: piriformis TP and hypertonicity, positive SLR test
Action of piriformis - externally rotates femur with hip extension and abducts femur with hip flexion

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23
Q

Psoas Syndrome

A

presentation - flexed to one side, lbp made worse with extension, inability to lay prone
OSE: TP 1 inch medial and slightly inferior to ASIS, ipsilateral restricted hip extension
action of psoas - flexes thigh at hip joint, flexes trunk

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24
Q

Iliolumbar Ligament Syndrome

A

function: restrict motion of the lumbosacral junction
Presentation: lbp made worse with flexion, referred pain to ipsilateral groin, hip, SI region, and lateral thigh
OSE: tenderness on iliac crest 1 inch superior and lateral to PSIS

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25
Short Leg Syndrome
presentation: back, hip and leg pain OSE: short leg side- forward sacral torsion, convex lumbar curve , compensatory anterior innominate shear Long leg side - pelvic, side shift, pronated foot, concave lumbar curve Unlevel sacral base can cause scoliosis - acute -> C scoliotic response & chronic - S scoliotic response
26
Celiac Plexus T5-9
esophagus and upper GI organs
27
Superior mesenteric plexus T10-11
small bowel, appendix, right colon
28
Inferior mesenteric T12-L2
Left colon
29
Autonomics HEad and Neck
Sym: T1-4 Para: Vagus
30
Autonomics Cardiovascular
Sym: T1-5 Para: Vagus
31
Autonomics Respiratory
Sym: T2-7 Para: Vagus
32
Autonomics Stomach, liver, gallbladder
Sym: T5-9 Para: Vagus
33
Autonomics Pancreas
Sym: T5-11 Para: Vagus
34
Autonomics Small intestines
Sym: T9-11 Para: Vagus
35
Autonomics Ovaries, Testicles
Sym: T9-10 Para: S2-4
36
Autonomics Kidneys Ureters Bladder
Sym: T10-L1 Para: S2-4
37
Autonomics Colon, Rectum
Sym: T8-L2 Para: ascending, proximal and 1/2 of transverse - vagus rest is S2-4
38
Autonomics Uterus
Sym: T10-L1 Para: S2-4
39
Autonomics Prostate
Sym: L1-2 Para: S2-4
40
Tension headaches are usually?
Bilateral | worse with flexion due to stretch
41
Cervicogenic headaches are usually?
unilateral | Worse with extension due to arthralgia or neuralgia
42
Vertebral artery challenge screens for?
vertebral insufficiency | rotation compresses opposite vertebral artery
43
Direct treatments for upper cervical somatic dysfunctions are CI when?
positive cervical compression or vertebral artery challenge tests
44
Sacral motion | Sacral Base anterior
anatomical flexion forward bending occurs when SBS of the head is in extension
45
Sacral motion - sacral base posterior
anatomical extension backward bending occurs when SBS of the head is in flexion
46
Sacral Landmarks | Sacral Base & Inferior Lateral Angle
sacral base - medial to PSIS (identify one that is anterior) | ILA - palpated lateral to the base of coccyx (identify side that is more posterior and/or inferior)
47
Sacral torsion
L5 rotates in opposite direction of sacrum
48
L5 follows which Fryette's mechanics in forward torsion
Type 1 L5 always side-bends to the side of the oblique axis Only torsions exist for boards so sacrum will be rotated opposite of L5 for DX
49
L5 follows which Fryette mechanics in backward torsion?
Type 2 L5 always side-bends to the side of the oblique axis Only torsions exist for boards so sacrum will be rotated opposite of L5 for DX
50
Steps for making a sacral DX
1- perform seated flexion test (make sure feet are on floor)/ASIS compression test 2- palpate sacral landmarks (sacral base/ILA) 3- Spring test 4- Backward bending test 5- palpate L5 (if there is an oblique axis)
51
What seated flexion/ASIS compression test tells you
positive test indicates the sacral oblique axis is on opposite side (+ R ASIS compression test -> L oblique axis)
52
Negative test means??
sacrum is flexed!! (forward sacral torsions/rotations or unilateral or bilateral flexions) R/R or L/L
53
Positive test means??
sacrum is extended!!! (backward sacral torsion/rotation or unilateral or bilateral extension) R/L or L/R
54
Resistance to springing in spring test =?
positive test (sacral extension or backward torsions)
55
ease of springing in spring test =?
negative test (sacral flexion or forward torsions)
56
Increased sacral base asymmetry =?
positive test (sacral extension or backward torsions)
57
Decreased sacral base asymmetry =?
negative test (sacral flexion or forward torsions)
58
Unilateral Sacral Flexion
base anterior and ILA posterior/inferior or same side as ASIS compression test
59
Unilateral Sacral Extension
base anterior and ILA posterior/inferior on opposite side of ASIS compression test
60
Sacral rotation
L5 rotation same as sacrum
61
L on L torsion what are findings?
``` R ASIS compression test L oblique axis R anterior sacral base L posterior ILA L5 rotated R and negative spring test/backward bending test ```
62
Anterior Sacral base and posterior/inferior ILA on same side and neg ST and BBT then =?
unilateral sacral flexion
63
anterior sacral base and posterior/inferior ILA on same side and pos ST and BBT then =?
unilateral sacral extension
64
Anterior sacral base and posterior/inferior ILA on opposite sides and neg ST and BBT =?
forward sacral torsion (L5 rotate opposite of sacrum) or forward sacral rotation (L5 rotates with sacrum)
65
Anterior sacral base and posterior/inferior ILA on opposite sides and pos ST and BBT =?
backward sacral torsion or backward sacral rotation ( L5 rotates with sacrum)
66
R/L findings which is rotation and which is axis?
1st is rotation of sacrum | 2nd is oblique axis
67
Forward sacral torsion ME
axis side down with chest on table flex hips and knees until motion at lumbosacral junction allow legs to hang off side of table then push down 3-5 times
68
Backward sacral torsion ME
pt lie on axis side down and upper back on table flex top leg until movement felt at junction, push down on top leg and have pt push up against resistance do 3-5 times
69
sacral extension ME
pt prone and stand on affected side put thenar on involved sacral base other hand abduct and internally rotate LE have pt breath in and out and push sacrum into flexion during exhalation
70
Sacral flexion ME
pt prone and stand on affected side place thenar on ILA and push it anteriorly and superiorly other hand abduct and internally rotate LE have pt breath in and out and push sacrum into extension during inhalation and resist sacral flexion during exhalation
71
CP Middle ear A & P
A- superior to medial clavicles | P - C1 posterior rami
72
CP sinuses A & P
A- inferior to medial clavicles | P - C2 articular pillars
73
CP Pharynx A & P
A - inferior to sternoclavicular joints | P- C2 articular pillars
74
CP Tonsils A & P
A- medial 1st intercostal space | P- C2 articular pillars
75
CP tongue A & P
A- medial 2nd ribs | P- C2 articular pillars
76
CP Esophagus, thyroid, heart A & P
A- medial 2nd intercostal | P - T2 transverse process
77
CP Upper lung, arm A & P
A- Medial 3rd intercostal | P - T3 transverse process
78
CP lower lung A &P
A -medial 4th intercostal spaces | P- T4 transverse process
79
CP Liver A&P
A - R medial 5th and 6th intercostal spaces | P- R T5 and T6 transverse process
80
CP Stomach Acidity A & P
A- L medial 5th intercostal space | P- L T5 transverse process
81
CP Gallbladder A & P
A- R medial 6th intercostal space | P- R T6 transverse process
82
CP Pancreas A & P
A - R medial 7th intercostal space | P - R T7 transverse process
83
CP Spleen A&P
A- L medial 7th intercostal space | P- L T7 transverse process
84
AP Small intestine A&P
A - medial 8th-10th intercostal spaces | P- T8-10 transverse process
85
CP Pyloris A&P
A- Midline body of sternum | P- T9 transverse process
86
CP Adrenals A&P
A- 1 inch lateral and 2 inch superior to umbilicus | P- T11 transverse process
87
CP Kidneys A&P
A- 1 inch lateral and 1 inch superior to umbilicus | P - L1 transverse process
88
CP Bladder A&P
A- periumbilical | P- L2 transverse process
89
CP intestine peristalsis A&P
A - 1-2 inch inferior and lateral to ASIS | P - between T10 and T11 transverse process
90
CP Appendix A & P
A- tip of 12th rib | P- R T11 transverse process
91
CP Ovaries A&P
A- pubic tubercles | P - T10 transverse process
92
CP urethra A&P
A - pubic tubercles | P - L3 transverse process
93
CP Uterus A&P
A- inferior pubic rami | P - L5 transverse process
94
CP Rectum A&P
A- lesser trochanters | P- lateral aspect of middle sacrum
95
CP Colon A&P
A- anterior iliotibal bands | P - L2-4 transverse process
96
CP Prostate, broad ligament A&P
A - lateral iliotibial bands | P - PSIS
97
Amblyopia OMT TX in kids
treated early to stregthen weak/affected eye | TX: OMT cranial techniques to decompress abducens n (CN VI)
98
Asthma OMT TX in kids
chronic obstructive lung disease, diaphragm is flatter in young children Goals of treatment - maintain function and balance use diaphragms/pumps w/o rebound & sympathetic and parasympathetic normalization AVOID - techniques that increase inhalation or that use sudden rapid inhalation forces (rebound)
99
Common Cold OMT TX in kids
Use lymphatics -> diaphragm restrictions or liver/spleen pumps Cranio-facial techniques - facial effleurage, trigeminal stimulation, cranial lifts
100
Otitis Media OMT TX in kids
cranial base strains, lymphatic disruptions | Galbreath mandibular drainage technique
101
Headache red flags
``` abnormal neuro exam hx of trauma pain wakes up child from sleep associated with altered mental status chronic, progressive pattern ```
102
Headache OMT TX in kids
Common findings - OA extension, TP in deep extensors of head, SBS compression Treat what you find
103
Scoliosis dx criteria
<25 degrees conservative tx >25 degrees orthotic bracing considered >40 degrees bracing is highly recommended
104
Scoliosis OMT TX in kids
focus on compensatory changes and improve function | Rib motion, pelvic and sacral base asymmetries, leg length discrepancies, head and neck dysfunctions
105
Back pain OMT TX in kids
spondylolysis/spondylolisthesis is the MCC of back pain in pediatric athletes TX any somatic dysfunctions once spondylolysis R/O
106
Nursemaids elbow (radial head subluxation)
presentation - flexed elbow, hand pronated, arm adducted, and internally rotated TX - supination with flexion or pronation with extension
107
Constipation OMT TX in kids
transverse diaphragms, pelvic strains, sacral dysfunctions, sympathetic and parasympathetic normalization (OA, sacrum, thoracic and lumbar spine & abdominal sphincters)
108
ADHD OMT TX in kids
check for cranial strain patterns and cervical tension and treat any somatic dysfunctions
109
Axis of movement of sacrum during inhalation
Will move about superior transverse axis | sacral base posterior
110
Axis of movement of sacrum during exhalation
Move about superior transverse axis | sacral base anterior
111
Superior transverse axis of sacrum
respiration and inherent motions of CRI
112
During cranial flexion how does sacrum move?
sacral base posterior
113
During cranial extension how does sacrum move?
sacral base anterior
114
Middle transverse axis
motion of sacrum when torso moves (postural) when torso flexed -> sacral base anterior when torso extended -> sacral base posterior
115
Inferior Transverse Axis
movement of ilium on the sacrum | occurs during innominate rotations (pelvic SD)

OPP Midterm (1 decks)

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